{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:42:52Z","timestamp":1792712572529,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic> is the aetiological agent of chlamydiosis in birds, especially Psittaciformes. The objective of the present study was to detect <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> by means of semi-nested PCR among psittacine birds sold at pet markets and kept as pet birds in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Questionnaires were used to identify risk factors involved in the epidemiology of the disease. In addition, the management of birds and cages was observed at each location studied. The frequency of <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> infection was 10.6\u200a% (33\/311) in the psittacine birds studied. Birds kept in households were less frequently positive (3.4\u200a%; 5\/148) than those at pet markets (17.2\u200a%; 28\/163). Among the several factors analysed in the epidemiology of the disease, only population density (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a0.001) and cage hygiene (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u200a=\u200a0.041) in birds at pet markets were significantly associated with <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> infection. These results demonstrate the presence of <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> infection in Psittaciformes kept as pets and held at pet markets in Salvador, Bahia, showing that this micro-organism is a public health concern. Control measures should be encouraged to prevent the spread of the agent among birds, as well as among employees and customers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.060632-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,16]],"date-time":"2014-01-16T03:44:29Z","timestamp":1389843869000},"page":"458-463","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Risk factors associated with Chlamydia psittaci infection in psittacine birds"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectology (LIVE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (EMEVZ), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. C.","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectology (LIVE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (EMEVZ), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. F.","family":"Raso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, FMVZ, USP, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. M. P. S.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology (BIOMOL), EMEVZ, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectology (LIVE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (EMEVZ), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. H. R.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectology (LIVE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (EMEVZ), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Barrouin-Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Pathology and Clinical Practice, EMEVZ, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Infectology (LIVE), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (EMEVZ), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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