{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:50:46Z","timestamp":1770353446028,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>contribution of reactive oxygen species produced by neutrophils against<jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>infection is not widely recognized. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a neutrophil-specific enzyme that catalyses the production of hypohalous acids such as HOCl from H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. This study investigated the role of MPO in immunological defence against<jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>in an MPO-deficient (MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mouse model. The survival of MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice infected either intranasally or intravenously with<jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>was lower than that of identically challenged wild-type mice. The MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice that received intranasal injection of<jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>had significantly larger lung fungal burdens than wild-type mice. On day 7, MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice had a significantly higher lung concentration of interleukin (IL)-4 and lower concentrations of IL-2, IL-12p70 and interferon (IFN)-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>than wild-type mice, suggesting a weak Th1 response in the MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice to<jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>. Pathologically, the MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice with intranasal infection showed more severe pneumonia than wild-type mice, which was associated with an increase in the levels of IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>in the lungs. In addition, in MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice, the pulmonary infection disseminated to the brain with occasional meningitis. The keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC) level in the brain of infected MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice was higher than that of control mice. Both intranasal and intravenous infections resulted in a higher number of fungi in the spleen of MPO<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>mice compared to wild-type, suggesting decreased resistance to<jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>not only in the lungs but also in the spleen in the absence of MPO. Taken together, these data suggest a major role of MPO in the response to cryptococcal infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46620-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,16]],"date-time":"2006-08-16T18:42:50Z","timestamp":1155753770000},"page":"1291-1299","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Contribution of the myeloperoxidase-dependent oxidative system to host defence against Cryptococcus neoformans"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Aratani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Maioka-cho 641-12, Totsuka, Yokohama 244-0813, 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