{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:21:45Z","timestamp":1790709705177,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ruminants are fed forage which is often contaminated with<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>, and frequently shed<jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>with their faeces. The present study was designed to localize the sites of infection in the digestive tract concomitant with<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>faecal excretion in a sheep model. Ten<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>-free sheep were inoculated<jats:italic>per os<\/jats:italic>with a dose of 10<jats:sup>10<\/jats:sup>\u2005c.f.u. of a pathogenic<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>strain.<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>received by two of the ten animals were radiolabelled with<jats:sup>111<\/jats:sup>indium oxine. The dissemination of the<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>was assessed by<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>imaging, by culture of bacteria in the faeces, organs and digesta samples taken at slaughter on days 1, 2, 6, 10 and 14 post-inoculation, and by measuring gamma radioactivity of samples on day 6. It was shown that<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>spread through the entire volume of the forestomachs within 4\u2005h, and through the whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) within 24\u2005h. Faecal shedding of<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>lasted 10\u2005days. Rumen, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon walls and digesta, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and spleen were temporarily infected. However,<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>persisted for at least 14\u2005days in rumen digesta and retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and at a relatively high level (1\u00d710<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\u2005c.f.u.\u2005g<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) in palatine tonsils. These findings suggest that<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>can translocate from all parts of the GIT, with the rumen digesta, but not the gallbladder, serving as a reservoir. The results indicate that brief and low-level faecal excretion of<jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>is concomitant with a transitory asymptomatic infection in sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46709-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,16]],"date-time":"2006-11-16T03:24:42Z","timestamp":1163647482000},"page":"1717-1723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Listeria monocytogenes translocates throughout the digestive tract in asymptomatic sheep"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Etienne","family":"Zundel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA, Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA, Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","volume-title":"Microbiologie Alimentaire \u2013 Recherche de Listeria monocytogenes \u2013 M\u00e9thode de Routine. Norme V 08\u2013055","year":"1997"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820270217","article-title":"111Indium labeling of microorganisms to facilitate the investigation of bacterial adhesion","volume":"27","author":"Ardehali","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-67.4.805","article-title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of Listeria monocytogenes in the tonsils of pigs","volume":"67","author":"Autio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(96)00033-8","article-title":"The use of listeriolysin O in an ELISA, a skin test and a lymphocyte blastogenesis assay on sheep experimentally infected with Listeria monocytogenes , Listeria ivanovii or Listeria innocua","volume":"51","author":"Baetz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"R5","article-title":"Most probable number from serial dilutions","volume-title":"In Bacteriological Analytical Manual Online","author":"Blodgett","year":"2001"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.02.191","article-title":"Biliary excretion as possible origin of Listeria monocytogenes in fecal carriers","volume":"53","author":"Briones","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(02)00255-9","article-title":"Use of animal and dietary information to predict rumen turnover","volume":"106","author":"Cannas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199802000-00004","article-title":"Rapid and prolonged impairment of gut barrier function after thermal injury in mice","volume":"9","author":"Eaves-Pyles","year":"1998","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200116020-00011","article-title":"Comparison of translocation of different types of microorganisms from the intestinal tract of burned mice","volume":"16","author":"Eaves-Pyles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"R10","first-page":"21","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes in the natural environment","volume-title":"In Listeria, Listeriosis and Food Safety","author":"Fenlon","year":"1999"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2005.02559.x","article-title":"Gastrointestinal phase of Listeria monocytogenes infection","volume":"98","author":"Gahan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199511000-00001","article-title":"In vivo evaluation of timing, degree, and distribution of bacterial translocation following experimental small bowel transplantation","volume":"60","author":"Gianotti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.5.2269-2277.2002","article-title":"Gastrointestinal tract location of Escherichia coli O157\u200a:\u200aH7 in ruminants","volume":"68","author":"Grauke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092712","article-title":"Extracellular replication of Listeria monocytogenes in the murine gall bladder","volume":"303","author":"Hardy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1079\/AHRR200358","article-title":"A review of porcine tonsils in immunity and disease","volume":"4","author":"Horter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"key":"R16","first-page":"196","article-title":"Nuclear medicine and infection detection: the relative effectiveness of imaging with 111In-oxine-,99mTc-HMPAO-, and 99mTc-stannous fluoride colloid-labeled leukocytes and with 67Ga-citrate","volume":"31","author":"Hughes","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucleic Med Technol"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1605(96)01105-1","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes in bovine mastitis. Possible implication for human health","volume":"32","author":"Jensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765X.1998.00326.x","article-title":"Inhibition effect of enterocin CCM 4231 in the rumen fluid environment","volume":"26","author":"Laukova","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059852","article-title":"A transgenic model for listeriosis: role of internalin in crossing the intestinal barrier","volume":"292","author":"Lecuit","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.31.6.1537-1540.1993","article-title":"Kinetics of antibody production against listeriolysin O in sheep with listeriosis","volume":"31","author":"Lhopital","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5288(91)90012-D","article-title":"Clinical and serum antibody responses to lambs to infection by Listeria monocytogenes","volume":"51","author":"Low","year":"1991","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(97)80005-6","article-title":"A review of Listeria monocytogenes and listeriosis","volume":"153","author":"Low","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(92)90090-H","article-title":"A microbiological, histopathological and immunohistological study of the intragastric inoculation of Listeria monocytogenes in mice","volume":"107","author":"Marco","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1997.0144","article-title":"Penetration of Listeria monocytogenes in mice infected by the oral route","volume":"23","author":"Marco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"R25","first-page":"660","article-title":"Development of USDA-FSIS method for isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from raw meat and poultry","volume":"71","author":"McClain","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Assoc Off Anal Chem"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-0233(97)80003-2","article-title":"Animal and human listeriosis: a shared problem?","volume":"153","author":"McLauchlin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(97)00126-0","article-title":"Radioactive technetium-99m labelling of Salmonella abortusovis for the assessment of bacterial dissemination in sheep by in vivo imaging","volume":"57","author":"Perin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.2.747-755.1998","article-title":"Comprehensive study of the intestinal stage of listeriosis in a rat ligated ileal loop system","volume":"66","author":"Pron","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(01)00460-3","article-title":"Assessment of the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes : agreement between a plaque-forming assay with HT-29 cells and infection of immunocompetent mice","volume":"68","author":"Roche","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Food Microbiol"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(93)77628-6","article-title":"Risk factors associated with contamination of raw milk by Listeria monocytogenes in dairy farms","volume":"76","author":"Sanaa","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"R31","first-page":"75","article-title":"Listeriosis in humans","volume-title":"In Listeria, Listeriosis and Food Safety","author":"Slutsker","year":"1999"},{"key":"R32","first-page":"39","article-title":"Listeriosis in animals","volume-title":"In Listeria, Listeriosis and Food Safety","author":"Wesley","year":"1999"},{"key":"R33","article-title":"Repeated daily doses do not increase Listeria monocytogenes infection in ewes as shown by faecal excretion and serological monitoring","author":"Zundel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Small Rum Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmm\/10.1099\/jmm.0.46709-0?crawler=true","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T08:56:27Z","timestamp":1707382587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmm\/10.1099\/jmm.0.46709-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.46709-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2615","1473-5644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2615","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-5644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]}}}