{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T14:20:50Z","timestamp":1774794050576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,1]]},"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to verify whether the presence of any of the Helicobacter pylori cag<\/jats:italic>PAI genes or segments \u2013 cagA<\/jats:italic>, cagA<\/jats:italic> promoter, cagE<\/jats:italic>, cagM<\/jats:italic>, tnpB<\/jats:italic>, tnpA<\/jats:italic>, cagT<\/jats:italic> and the left end of the cag<\/jats:italic> II (LEC) region \u2013 would be a useful marker for the risk of peptic ulcer disease development. H. pylori<\/jats:italic> DNA extracted from positive urease tests of 150 peptic ulcer patients and 65 dyspeptic controls was analysed by PCR. Duodenal ulcers were present in 110, gastric ulcers in 23 and both gastric and duodenal ulcers in 17 patients. A significant association (P<\/jats:italic> <0.001) was found between a conserved cag<\/jats:italic>PAI and peptic ulcer disease (34\u200a%). The positivity of the cagA<\/jats:italic> gene varied according to the region of the gene that was amplified. The region near to the promoter was present in almost all of the H. pylori<\/jats:italic> isolates (97.2\u200a%). The segment from nt 1764 to 2083 and the extreme right end were frequently deleted in the isolates from the controls (P<\/jats:italic> <0.01). The positivity of the promoter region of cagA<\/jats:italic> and cagT<\/jats:italic>, cagE<\/jats:italic>, cagM<\/jats:italic> and LEC showed a significant difference between the isolates from peptic ulcer patients and from the controls (P<\/jats:italic> <0.01). Patients usually had moderate gastritis; however, the intensity of the active inflammation was higher in the peptic ulcer group (P<\/jats:italic> <0.001). cagT<\/jats:italic>, cagM<\/jats:italic>, LEC and the right end terminus of the cagA<\/jats:italic>-positive H. pylori<\/jats:italic> isolates were associated with a 27-fold, 8-fold, 4-fold and 4-fold risk of peptic ulcer disease, respectively, and may be useful markers to identify individuals at higher risk of peptic ulcer disease development in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46824-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,15]],"date-time":"2006-12-15T19:51:25Z","timestamp":1166212285000},"page":"9-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island genes: clinical relevance for peptic ulcer disease development in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Rejane","family":"Mattar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio Barbosa","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria do Socorro","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anibal Ferreira","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Iriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flair Jos\u00e9","family":"Carrilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo School of Medicine, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00770.x","article-title":"Analyses of the cag pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori","volume":"28","author":"Akopyants","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.3.1625-1629.2001","article-title":"Implication of the structure of the Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island in induction of interleukin-8 secretion","volume":"69","author":"Audibert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.2.1043-1056.2004","article-title":"Functional analysis of the cag pathogenicity island in Helicobacter pylori isolates from patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer","volume":"72","author":"Backert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14648","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.25.14648","article-title":"cag , a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori , encodes type I-specific and disease-associated virulence factors","volume":"93","author":"Censini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.4.587","article-title":"Tyrosine-phosphorylated bacterial proteins: Trojan horses for the host cell","volume":"191","author":"Covacci","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5791","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.12.5791","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the 128-kDa immunodominant antigen of Helicobacter pylori associated with cytotoxicity and duodenal ulcer","volume":"90","author":"Covacci","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R7","first-page":"1161","article-title":"Classification and grading of gastritis. 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