{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T21:39:15Z","timestamp":1778881155448,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>undergoes an obligate flea\u2013rodent\u2013flea enzootic life cycle. The rapidly fatal properties of<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>are responsible for the organism's sustained survival in natural plague foci. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays several roles in<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>pathogenesis, prominent among them being resistance to host immune effectors and induction of a septic-shock state during the terminal phases of infection. LPS is acylated with 4\u20136 fatty acids, the number varying with growth temperature and affecting the molecule's toxic properties.<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>mutants were constructed with a deletion insertion in the<jats:italic>lpxM<\/jats:italic>gene in both virulent and attenuated strains, preventing the organisms from synthesizing the most toxic hexa-acylated lipid A molecule when grown at 25\u200a\u00b0C. The virulence and\/or protective potency of pathogenic and attenuated<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\u0394<jats:italic>lpxM<\/jats:italic>mutants were then examined in a mouse model. The \u0394<jats:italic>lpxM<\/jats:italic>mutation in a virulent strain led to no change in the LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>value compared to that of the parental strain, while the \u0394<jats:italic>lpxM<\/jats:italic>mutation in attenuated strains led to a modest 2.5\u201316-fold reduction in virulence. LPS preparations containing fully hexa-acylated lipid A were ten times more toxic in actinomycin D-treated mice then preparations lacking this lipid A isoform, although this was not significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&gt;0.05). The \u0394<jats:italic>lpxM<\/jats:italic>mutation in vaccine strain EV caused a significant increase in its protective potency. These studies suggest there is little impact from lipid A modifications on the virulence of<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>strains but there are potential improvements in the protective properties in attenuated vaccine strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46880-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,21]],"date-time":"2007-03-21T00:27:12Z","timestamp":1174436832000},"page":"443-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Effect of deletion of the lpxM gene on virulence and vaccine potential of Yersinia pestis in mice"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Andrey P.","family":"Anisimov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rima Z.","family":"Shaikhutdinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk 142279, Moscow Region, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyudmila N.","family":"Pan'kina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute \u2018Microbe\u2019, Saratov 410071, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina A.","family":"Feodorova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute \u2018Microbe\u2019, Saratov 410071, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena P.","family":"Savostina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute \u2018Microbe\u2019, Saratov 410071, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ol'ga V.","family":"Bystrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N. 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