{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T00:03:52Z","timestamp":1793232232146,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502150400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Corynebacterium ulcerans<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic>) is a zoonotic pathogen that occasionally causes diphtheria-like symptoms in humans. Cases of <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> infection have been increasing in recent years, and <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> has been recognized as an emerging pathogen.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Case presentation.<\/jats:bold> Here we report a case of asphyxia death due to pseudomembrane caused by diphtheria toxin (DT)-producing <jats:italic>C. ulcerans.<\/jats:italic> This is, to our knowledge, the first fatal case of <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> infection in Japan. A strain of <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> was obtained from the patient\u2019s pet cat and was confirmed to be identical to the patient\u2019s isolate by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and the DT gene, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and by ribotyping. In the same way, it was revealed that the isolate in this case belonged to the same molecular type as the <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> 0102 isolated from the first case in Japan in a distant prefecture 15 years earlier, in 2001.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> DT-producing <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> can be contracted from a companion animal and causes human death if the appropriate treatment is delayed. The finding indicates that this molecular type of virulent <jats:italic>C. ulcerans<\/jats:italic> is currently widespread in Japan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]],"date-time":"2017-08-09T14:12:25Z","timestamp":1502287945000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The first fatal case of Corynebacterium ulcerans infection in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ken","family":"Otsuji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeru","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuya","family":"Harayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Midori","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Umeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Umata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radioisotope Research Center, Facility for Education and Research Support, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Seki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Iwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kamochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsumasa","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.4.954-957.1999","article-title":"Identification of nonlipophilic corynebacteria isolated from dairy cows with mastitis","volume":"37","author":"Hommez","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2016-0085"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.11.3173-3177.1998","article-title":"Comparison of phenotypic and genotypic methods for detection of diphtheria toxin among isolates of pathogenic corynebacteria","volume":"36","author":"Efstratiou","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8351","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.14.8351","article-title":"Diphtheria toxin translocation across endosome membranes. 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