{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:11:14Z","timestamp":1789049474195,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]],"date-time":"2017-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506297600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is a small cell-wall-lacking bacterium that belongs to the mycoplasma (Mollicutes) prokaryote micro-organisms. It is a common cause of both upper and lower respiratory tract infections in all age groups. Respiratory illness is the most common manifestation of <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection; however, extrapulmonary involvement may be present or predominant. The skin, mucus membranes, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, haematopoietic system, kidneys and musculoskeletal system are the most commonly involved extrapulmonary sites. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura has been reported as a rare haematological manifestation of mycoplasma infection. Here, we report, with a literature review, the case of a young adult with <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection, presenting with acute febrile illness, myringitis, erythema multiforme, mild Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon symptoms and severe thrombocytopenia.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Case presentation.<\/jats:bold> Our patient was a 24-year-old healthy man who presented to an emergency department with acute febrile illness, upper respiratory tract infection symptoms, myringitis, erythema multiforme skin lesions, severe thrombocytopenia, and pale and cold hands. <jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> serology suggested acute <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection. The patient had a complete resolution of symptoms and gradual recovery from the thrombocytopenia after a course of anti-<jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> therapy with azithromycin. Our case illustrates the multi-system involvement of <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                  <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is a frequent cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children and young adults. Multi-system involvement including the skin, vascular and haematological systems in young adults with upper or lower respiratory tract infection, as in our patient, should raise the suspicion of <jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> infection. Our case also illustrates an excellent clinical response and recovery from thrombocytopenia shortly after anti-<jats:italic>Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic> antimicrobial therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,19]],"date-time":"2017-09-19T08:12:33Z","timestamp":1505808753000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multi-system manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a young patient"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Al Busaidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al-Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shadin","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Balkhair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zied","family":"Gaifer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"2183","volume-title":"Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Bennett","year":"2015"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.82.5.329"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S37"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2105\/CCDM.2745","volume-title":"Control of Communicable Diseases Manual","author":"Heymann","year":"2015"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00023"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2009.04154.x"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/17.Supplement_1.S79"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.45888-0"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.65.4.761","article-title":"The etiology of bullous myringitis and the role of mycoplasmas in ear disease: a review","volume":"65","author":"Roberts","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(75)90574-4"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310100775"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-011-0054-6"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.112.1.413","article-title":"Circulating immune complexes in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection","volume":"112","author":"Biberfeld","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"R14","first-page":"405","article-title":"Cold agglutinin anti-I and Mycoplasma pneumoniae","volume":"13","author":"Feizi","year":"1967","journal-title":"Immunology"}],"container-title":["JMM Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmmcr\/10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005117?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T11:28:22Z","timestamp":1702639702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmmcr\/10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005117"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005117","relation":{},"ISSN":["2053-3721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2053-3721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]}}}