{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T07:18:40Z","timestamp":1718349520884},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Introduction.<\/jats:bold> Diagnosis of schistosomiasis in travellers is a clinical challenge, since cases may present with no symptoms or a few non-specific symptoms. Here, we report on the laboratory and clinical findings in Danish travellers exposed to <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>-infested water during white-water rafting on the Ugandan part of the upper Nile River in July 2009.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Case presentation.<\/jats:bold> Forty travellers were offered screening for <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>-specific antibodies. Serological tests were performed 6\u201365\u2009weeks after exposure. A self-reporting questionnaire was used to collect information on travel activity and health history, fresh water exposure, and symptoms. Seropositive cases were referred to hospitals where clinical and biochemical data were collected. <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>-specific antibodies were detected in 13\/35 (37\u200a%) exposed participants, with 4\/13 (31\u200a%) seroconverting later than 2 months following exposure. Four of thirteen (31\u200a%) cases reported \u22653\u2009symptoms compatible with schistosomiasis, with a mean onset of 41\u2009days following exposure. No <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic> eggs were detected in stool or urine in any of the cases. Peripheral eosinophilia (&gt;0.45\u00d710<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup> cells l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was seen in 4\/13 cases, while IgE levels were normal in all cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold> Schistosomiasis in travellers is not necessarily associated with specific signs or symptoms, eosinophilia, raised IgE levels, or detection of eggs. The only prognostic factor for infection was exposure to freshwater in a <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>-endemic area. Seroconversion may occur later than 2 months after exposure and therefore \u2013 in the absence of other diagnostic evidence \u2013 serology testing should be performed up to at least 2\u20133 months following exposure to be able to rule out schistosomiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmmcr.0.005141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,2]],"date-time":"2018-02-02T15:12:56Z","timestamp":1517584376000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adventure tourism and schistosomiasis: serology and clinical findings in a group of Danish students after white-water rafting in Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Dennis","family":"R\u00f6ser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK\u20132300 Copenhagen S, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK\u20132730 Herlev, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Bjerrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK\u20132100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Helleberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK\u20132100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik Vedel","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK\u20132300 Copenhagen S, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim Peter","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hvidovre Hospital, Ketteg\u00e5rd Alle 30, DK\u20132650 Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Thybo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, DK\u20132100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christen Rune","family":"Stensvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK\u20132300 Copenhagen S, 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