{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T02:07:00Z","timestamp":1762999620619,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BB\/I00713X\/2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/I00713X\/2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The identification of genes essential for a bacterium\u2019s growth reveals much about its basic physiology under different conditions. <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.1747\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Bordetella pertussis<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic>, the causative agent of whooping cough, adopts both virulent and avirulent states through the activity of the two-component system, Bvg. The genes essential for <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.1747\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pertussis<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> growth <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> were defined using transposon sequencing, for different Bvg-determined growth states. In addition, comparison of the insertion indices of each gene between Bvg phases identified those genes whose mutation exerted a significantly different fitness cost between phases. As expected, many of the genes identified as essential for growth in other bacteria were also essential for <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.1747\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pertussis<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic>. However, the essentiality of some genes was dependent on Bvg. In particular, a number of key cell wall biosynthesis genes, including the entire <jats:italic>mre<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>mrd<\/jats:italic> locus, were essential for growth of the avirulent (Bvg minus) phase but not the virulent (Bvg plus) phase. In addition, cell wall biosynthesis was identified as a fundamental process that when disrupted produced greater fitness costs for the Bvg minus phase compared to the Bvg plus phase. Bvg minus phase growth was more susceptible than Bvg plus phase growth to the cell wall-disrupting antibiotic ampicillin, demonstrating the increased susceptibility of the Bvg minus phase to disruption of cell wall synthesis. This Bvg-dependent conditional essentiality was not due to Bvg-regulation of expression of cell wall biosynthesis genes; suggesting that this fundamental process differs between the Bvg phases in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.1747\" xlink:type=\"simple\">B. pertussis<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> and is more susceptible to disruption in the Bvg minus phase. The ability of a bacterium to modify its cell wall synthesis is important when considering the action of antibiotics, particularly if developing novel drugs targeting cell wall synthesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T17:53:49Z","timestamp":1607536429000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fundamental differences in physiology of Bordetella pertussis dependent on the two-component system Bvg revealed by gene essentiality studies"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9082-5756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Belcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Present address: Institute Pasteur Lille, Lille, France"},{"name":"Milner Centre for Evolution and Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, 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