{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T23:47:45Z","timestamp":1785196065138,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1034556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1034556"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["098051 and 206194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["098051 and 206194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2010, Brazil introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) into the national children\u2019s immunization programme. This study describes the genetic characteristics of invasive <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5677\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> isolates before and after PCV10 introduction. A subset of 466 [pre-PCV10 (2008\u20132009): <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=232, post-PCV10 (2012\u20132013): <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=234;&lt;5\u2009years old: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=310, \u22655\u2009years old: <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=156] pneumococcal isolates, collected through national laboratory surveillance, were whole-genome sequenced (WGS) to determine serotype, pilus locus, antimicrobial resistance and genetic lineages. Following PCV10 introduction, in the &lt;5\u2009years age group, non-vaccine serotypes (NVT) serotype 3 and serotype 19A were the most frequent, and serotypes 12F, 8 and 9\u2009N in the \u22655\u2009years old group. The study identified 65 Global Pneumococcal Sequence Clusters (GPSCs): 49 (88\u200a%) were GPSCs previously described and 16 (12\u200a%) were Brazilian clusters. In total, 36 GPSCs (55\u200a%) were NVT lineages, 18 (28\u200a%) vaccine serotypes (VT) and 11 (17\u200a%) were both VT and NVT lineages. In both sampling periods, the most frequent lineage was GPSC6 (CC156, serotypes 14\/9V). In the &lt;5\u2009years old group, a decrease in penicillin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.0123) and cotrimoxazole (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001) resistance and an increase in tetracycline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.019) were observed. Penicillin nonsusceptibility was predicted in 40\u200a% of the isolates; 127 PBP combinations were identified (51 predicted MIC\u22650.125\u2009mg l<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>); cotrimoxazole (<jats:italic>fol<\/jats:italic>A and\/or <jats:italic>fol<\/jats:italic>P alterations), macrolide (<jats:italic>mef<\/jats:italic> and\/or <jats:italic>ermB<\/jats:italic>) and tetracycline (<jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>M, <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>O or <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>S<jats:italic>\/<\/jats:italic>M) resistance were predicted in 63, 13 and 21.6\u200a% of pneumococci studied, respectively. The main lineages associated with multidrug resistance in the post-PCV10 period were composed of NVT, GPSC1 (CC320, serotype 19A), and GPSC47 (ST386, serotype 6C). The study provides a baseline for future comparisons and identified important NVT lineages in the post-PCV10 period in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T13:21:31Z","timestamp":1633440091000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Genomic surveillance of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in the period pre-PCV10 and post-PCV10 introduction in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0714-8142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samanta C. 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