{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:51:00Z","timestamp":1787241060615,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005145","name":"Basic Research Program of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BK20180900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20180900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005145","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31872523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31872523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline-resistant strains is posing a serious threat to food safety and human health, which has attracted worldwide attention. The tigecycline resistance gene\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4) has been found in diverse sources, but the distribution of\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4) and its genetic background in the animal farming environment is not fully understood. Thirty-two\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X)-positive\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.3093\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      <\/jats:named-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    strains isolated from 159 samples collected from swine farms showed resistance to tigecycline. The\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X)-positive strains were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assay, PCR, Illumina and long-read Nanopore sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 11 different sequence types (STs) were identified and most of them belonged to phylogroup A, except ST641. In total, 196 possible prophage sequences were identified and some of the prophage regions were found to carry resistance genes, including\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4). Furthermore, our results showed possible correlations between CRISPR spacer sequences and serotypes or STs. The co-existence of tigecycline-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (A) variants and\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4) complicates the evolution of vital resistance genes in farming environments. Further, four reorganization plasmids carrying\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4) were observed, and the formation mechanism mainly involved homologous recombination. These findings contribute significantly to a better understanding of the diversity and complexity of\n                    <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>\n                    (X4)-bearing plasmids, an emerging novel public health concern.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T07:15:36Z","timestamp":1635146136000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Distribution and genomic characterization of tigecycline-resistant tet(X4)-positive Escherichia coli of swine farm origin"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 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