{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T08:37:19Z","timestamp":1790843839437,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of Canada's Genomics R&D Initiative","award":["Phase VI shared priority project management plan on antimicrobial resistance"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Phase VI shared priority project management plan on antimicrobial resistance"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]},"abstract":"Ingestion of food- or waterborne antibiotic-resistant bacteria may lead to dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota often suffers from various disturbances. It is not clear whether and how disturbed microbiota may affect ARG mobility under antibiotic treatments. For proof of concept, in the presence or absence of streptomycin pre-treatment, mice were inoculated orally with a \u03b2<\/jats:italic>-lactam-susceptible \n \n Salmonella enterica<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> serovar Heidelberg clinical isolate (recipient) and a \u03b2<\/jats:italic>-lactam resistant \n \n Escherichia coli<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> O80:H26 isolate (donor) carrying a blaCMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:italic> gene on an IncI2 plasmid. Immediately following inoculation, mice were treated with or without ampicillin in drinking water for 7\u2009days. Faeces were sampled, donor, recipient and transconjugant were enumerated, blaCMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:italic> abundance was determined by quantitative PCR, faecal microbial community composition was determined by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and cecal samples were observed histologically for evidence of inflammation. In faeces of mice that received streptomycin pre-treatment, the donor abundance remained high, and the abundance of S<\/jats:italic>. Heidelberg transconjugant and the relative abundance of \n \n Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> increased significantly during the ampicillin treatment. Co-blooming of the donor, transconjugant and commensal \n \n Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> in the inflamed intestine promoted significantly (P<\/jats:italic><0.05) higher and possibly wider dissemination of the blaCMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:italic> gene in the gut microbiota of mice that received the combination of streptomycin pre-treatment and ampicillin treatment (Str\u2013Amp) compared to the other mice. Following cessation of the ampicillin treatment, faecal shedding of S<\/jats:italic>. Heidelberg transconjugant persisted much longer from mice in the Str\u2013Amp group compared to the other mice. In addition, only mice in the Str\u2013Amp group shed a commensal \n \n E. coli<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> O2:H6 transconjugant, which carries three copies of the blaCMY-2<\/jats:sub>\n <\/jats:italic> gene, one on the IncI2 plasmid and two on the chromosome. The findings highlight the significance of pre-existing gut microbiota for ARG dissemination and persistence during and following antibiotic treatments of infectious diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T18:18:29Z","timestamp":1639073909000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mobility of \u03b2-lactam resistance under ampicillin treatment in gut microbiota suffering from pre-disturbance"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0488-3341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Laskey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Devenish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8795-2973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingsong","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjana","family":"Savic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5790-2019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Chmara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanhong","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ottawa Laboratory-Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8534-5694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9579-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyrylo","family":"Bessonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Gurnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2925-8710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John H. 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