{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:42:10Z","timestamp":1792539730745,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["grant 1.A618.18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant 1.A618.18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002661","name":"Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FRIA 1.E.031.18-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRIA 1.E.031.18-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003134","name":"Fonds pour la Formation \u00e0 la Recherche dans l\u2019Industrie et dans l\u2019Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["FRIA 1.E.116.21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRIA 1.E.116.21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003134","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds","award":["grant 01B08915"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant 01B08915"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"abstract":"\n The development of spots or lesions symptomatic of common scab on root and tuber crops is caused by few pathogenic\n \n \n Streptomyces<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n with\n \n \n Streptomyces scabiei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n 87\u201322 as the model species. Thaxtomin phytotoxins are the primary virulence determinants, mainly acting by impairing cellulose synthesis, and their production in\n \n \n S. scabiei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n is in turn boosted by cello-oligosaccharides released from host plants. In this work we aimed to determine which molecules and which biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of the specialized metabolism of\n \n \n S. scabiei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n 87\u201322 show a production and\/or a transcriptional response to cello-oligosaccharides. Comparative metabolomic analyses revealed that molecules of the virulome of\n \n \n S. scabiei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n induced by cellobiose and cellotriose include (i) thaxtomin and concanamycin phytotoxins, (ii) desferrioxamines, scabichelin and turgichelin siderophores in order to acquire iron essential for housekeeping functions, (iii) ectoine for protection against osmotic shock once inside the host, and (iv) bottromycin and concanamycin antimicrobials possibly to prevent other microorganisms from colonizing the same niche. Importantly, both cello-oligosaccharides reduced the production of the spore germination inhibitors germicidins thereby giving the \u2018green light\u2019 to escape dormancy and trigger the onset of the pathogenic lifestyle. For most metabolites - either with induced or reduced production - cellotriose was revealed to be a slightly stronger elicitor compared to cellobiose, supporting an earlier hypothesis which suggested the trisaccharide was the real trigger for virulence released from the plant cell wall through the action of thaxtomins. Interestingly, except for thaxtomins, none of these BGCs\u2019 expression seems to be under direct control of the cellulose utilization repressor CebR suggesting the existence of a yet unknown mechanism for switching on the virulome. Finally, a transcriptomic analysis revealed nine additional cryptic BGCs that have their expression awakened by cello-oligosaccharides, suggesting that other and yet to be discovered metabolites could be part of the virulome of\n \n \n S. scabiei<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000760","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T05:17:07Z","timestamp":1642483027000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The virulome of Streptomyces scabiei in response to cello-oligosaccharide elicitors"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6426-541X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benoit","family":"Deflandre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"InBioS-Centre for Protein Engineering, Institut de Chimie B6a, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3243-4973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nudzejma","family":"Stulanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InBioS-Centre for Protein Engineering, Institut de Chimie B6a, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4337-9028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f6ren","family":"Planckaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0965-357X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinaeda","family":"Anderssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InBioS-Centre for Protein Engineering, Institut de Chimie B6a, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Bonometti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InBioS-Centre for Protein Engineering, Institut de Chimie B6a, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Latifa","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Platform, GIGA, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8109-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wouter","family":"Coppieters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Platform, GIGA, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9764-2581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart","family":"Devreese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4022-7325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Rigali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InBioS-Centre for Protein Engineering, Institut de Chimie B6a, University of Li\u00e8ge, B-4000, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.1997.81.8.901"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS.1997.81.8.836"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12230-015-9449-5"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02853743"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.02170.x"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2009.04.013"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-008-9240-4"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ern344"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-009-0670-x"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erv489"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000818"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3059.2011.02435.x"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10327-017-0696-9"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants5010009"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-09-14-0255-R"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-017-1009-1"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/Spectrum.00571-21"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiv080"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ob40536b"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.047977-0"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.6.2636-2643.1999"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02018-14"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27144"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05942.x"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2007.09.003"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002475"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00367-16"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12631"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c00526"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170"},{"key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1923"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty648"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.9b00640"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz310"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz882"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics7040086"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7164\/antibiotics.35.1632"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.1.1"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00066a008"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02642-20"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2020.194615"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-23-2-0161"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c8mt00009c"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4mt00068d"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28139-0"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12008"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-2229.2012.00354.x"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.8b00528"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-010-9429-1"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0122479"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802312105"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00390-09"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2007.29"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12369"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00495"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/w04-043"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00768-08"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01169-17"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja2112228"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28194-0"}],"container-title":["Microbial Genomics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/mgen\/10.1099\/mgen.0.000760?crawler=true&mimetype=application\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T16:23:14Z","timestamp":1702570994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/mgen\/10.1099\/mgen.0.000760"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/mgen.0.000760","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.08.10.455888","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2057-5858"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2057-5858","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]}}}