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These still represent important historical events that need to be linked to the growing genomic evidence describing the aetiological agent of cholera, \n \n Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic>. Whilst O1 serogroup \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> are canonically associated with epidemic and pandemic cholera, these events were caused by a clone of toxigenic \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> O37 that may be more globally distributed than just to Europe and North Africa. Understanding the biology of these non-O1 strains of \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> is key to understanding how diseases like cholera continue to be globally important. In this article, we consolidate epidemiological, molecular and genomic descriptions of the bacteria responsible for these outbreaks. We attempt to resolve discrepancies in order to summarize the history and provenance of as many commonly used serogroup O37 strains as possible. Finally, we highlight the potential for whole-genome sequencing of \n \n V. cholerae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> O37 isolates from strain collections to shed light on the open questions that we identify.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T16:30:48Z","timestamp":1681317048000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vibrio cholerae O37: one of the exceptions that prove the rule"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7064-6163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Dorman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK"},{"name":"Churchill College, University of Cambridge, Storey\u2019s Way, Cambridge, CB3 0DS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas R.","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK"},{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30559-7"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90228-3"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.79.9.2976"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.6.3134"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5270.1910"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07074.x"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2003.08.004"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01571061"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao2136"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10392"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0909.020443"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337468100"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-1119(98)00407-7"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31391-4"},{"key":"R15","article-title":"Diagnosis and Detection | Cholera | CDC","year":"2018"},{"key":"R16","volume-title":"Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Vibrio Cholerae"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003832"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(99)00151-8"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/13.3.340"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1974.tb70935.x"},{"key":"R21","first-page":"125","article-title":"Outbreak of gastroenteritis by non-agglutinable (NAG) vibrios in the republic of the Sudan","volume":"46","author":"Kamal","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Egypt Public Health Assoc"},{"key":"R22","first-page":"1","article-title":"Weekly epidemiological record","volume":"44","year":"1969","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"R23","volume-title":"The Vibrios","author":"Furniss","year":"1978"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken1952.23.13"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.3.581-590.1999"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120311"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken1952.30.275"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/118.1.25"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.19.3.463-469.1970"},{"key":"R30","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae Pacini ATCC \u00ae 25873TM","year":"2016a"},{"key":"R31","article-title":"Vibrio cholerae Pacini ATCC \u00ae 25874TM","year":"2016b"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030081"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.5.2202-2208.1999"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01040"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.6.1453-1461.1996"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.58.6.1640-1646.1990"},{"key":"R37","first-page":"403","article-title":"An enterotoxin produced by noncholera vibrios","volume":"131","author":"Zinnaka","year":"1972","journal-title":"Johns Hopkins Med J"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.71.1037"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.2125-2125.1999","article-title":"Author\u2019s correction - 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