{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T03:29:57Z","timestamp":1781234997208,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700611200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE190100238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE190100238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Chlamydia abortus,<\/jats:italic> an obligate intracellular bacterium, is a major causative agent of reproductive loss in ruminants, with zoonotic potential. Though this pathogen is primarily known to infect livestock, recent studies have detected and isolated genetically distinct avian strains of <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> from wild birds globally. Before this study, only five avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> genomes were publicly available. Therefore, we performed culture-independent probe-based whole-genome sequencing on clinical swabs positive for avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> obtained from Australian Torresian crows (<jats:italic>Corvus orru<\/jats:italic>) in 2019 and 2020. We successfully obtained draft genomes for three avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> strains (C1, C2 and C3), each comprising draft chromosomes with lengths of 1\u200a115\u200a667, 1\u200a120\u200a231 and 1\u200a082\u200a115\u2009bp, and associated 7\u200a553\u2009bp plasmids, with a genome completeness exceeding 92\u200a%. Molecular characterization revealed that these three strains comprise a novel sequence type (ST333), whilst phylogenetic analyses placed all three strains in a cluster with other avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> genomes. Interestingly, these three strains share a distant genomic relation (2693 single nucleotide variants) with the reference strain 15-58d\/44 (ST152), isolated from a Eurasian magpie (<jats:italic>Pica pica<\/jats:italic>) in Poland, highlighting the need for more publicly available genomes. Broad comparative analyses with other avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> genomes revealed that the three draft genomes contain conserved <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7766\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Chlamydia<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> genomic features, including genes coding for type III secretion system and polymorphic membrane proteins, and potential virulence factors such as the large chlamydial cytotoxin, warranting further studies. This research provides the first avian <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.26794\" xlink:type=\"simple\">C. abortus<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> draft genomes from Australian birds, highlighting Torresian crows as novel reservoir hosts for these potential pathogens, and demonstrates a practical methodology for sequencing novel <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.7766\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Chlamydia<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> genomes without relying on traditional cell culture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T15:16:54Z","timestamp":1700666214000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Draft genomes of novel avian Chlamydia abortus strains from Australian Torresian crows (Corvus orru) shed light on possible reservoir hosts and evolutionary pathways"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3284-2168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilli","family":"Kasimov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4557, Australia"},{"name":"University of the Sunshine Coast, School of Science, Engineering and Technology, Sippy Downs, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4556, 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