{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:10:03Z","timestamp":1747181403636,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702598400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018595","name":"Fondation Le Roch-Les Mousquetaires","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"abstract":"In this study, we characterized 54 clinical isolates of \n \n Shigella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> collected in North Lebanon between 2009 and 2017 through phenotypic and genomic analyses. The most prevalent serogroup was S. sonnei,<\/jats:italic> accounting for 46.3\u200a% (25\/54) of the isolates, followed by \n \n S. flexneri<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> (27.8\u200a%, 15\/54), \n \n S. boydii<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> (18.5\u200a%, 10\/54) and \n \n S. dysenteriae<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> (7.4\u200a%, 4\/54). Only three isolates were pan-susceptible, and 87\u200a% (47\/54) of the isolates had multidrug resistance phenotypes. Notably, 27.8\u200a% (15\/54) of the isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) and 77.8\u200a% (42\/54) were resistant to nalidixic acid. 3GC resistance was mediated by the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub> and bla<\/jats:italic>\n CTX-M-3<\/jats:sub>, which were present on various plasmids. Quinolone resistance was conferred by single point mutations in the gyrA<\/jats:italic> DNA gyrase gene, leading to GyrA S83L, GyrA D87Y or GyrA S83A amino acid substitutions. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to provide genomic insights into the serotypes of \n \n Shigella<\/jats:ext-link>\n <\/jats:named-content>\n <\/jats:italic> circulating in Lebanon and the various antimicrobial resistance determinants carried by these strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T16:17:52Z","timestamp":1702657072000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Genomic analysis of Shigella isolates from Lebanon reveals marked genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Iman","family":"Yassine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Microbiologie Sant\u00e9 et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Unit\u00e9 des Bact\u00e9ries 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