{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T08:25:40Z","timestamp":1774599940628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1017518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1017518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Department of Health, State Government of Victoria"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:named-content content-type=\"#213368\">\n                     <jats:italic>A corrigendum of this article has been published full details can be found at<\/jats:italic> 10.1099\/mgen.0.001310.<\/jats:named-content>\n               <\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Typhoid fever is endemic in many parts of the world and remains a major public health concern in tropical and sub-tropical developing nations, including Fiji. To address high rates of typhoid fever, the Northern Division of Fiji implemented a mass vaccination with typhoid conjugate vaccine (Vi-polysaccharide conjugated to tetanus toxoid) as a public health control measure in 2023. In this study we define the genomic epidemiology of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Typhi in the Northern Division prior to island-wide vaccination, sequencing 85% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=419) of the total cases from the Northern and Central Divisions of Fiji that occurred in the period 2017\u20132019. We found elevated rates of nucleotide polymorphisms in the <jats:italic>tviD<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>tviE<\/jats:italic> genes (responsible for Vi-polysaccharide synthesis) relative to core genome levels within the Fiji endemic <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhi genotype 4.2. Expansion of these findings within a globally representative database of 12\u200a382 <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhi (86 genotyphi clusters) showed evidence of convergent evolution of the same <jats:italic>tviE<\/jats:italic> mutations across the <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhi population, indicating that <jats:italic>tvi<\/jats:italic> selection has occurred both independently and globally. The functional impact of <jats:italic>tvi<\/jats:italic> mutations on the Vi-capsular structure and other phenotypic characteristics are not fully elucidated, yet commonly occurring <jats:italic>tviE<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms localize adjacent to predicted active site residues when overlayed against the predicted TviE protein structure. Given the central role of the Vi-polysaccharide in <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Typhi biology and vaccination, further integrated epidemiological, genomic and phenotypic surveillance is required to determine the spread and functional implications of these mutations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T14:17:35Z","timestamp":1725977855000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetic heterogeneity in the Salmonella Typhi Vi capsule locus: a population genomic study from Fiji"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Aneley","family":"Getahun Strobel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew 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