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Cholera presents a significant global health burden of an estimated 1.3\u20135 million annual cases, with the current pandemic caused by a toxigenic lineage of the O1 El Tor biotype called seventh pandemic El Tor (7PET) that is still ongoing. Whilst it is known that non-7PET lineages can cause sporadic disease, little is known about the transmission of these non-epidemic lineages. Thirty-four <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> isolates were obtained from travellers returning from Indonesia to Australia between 2005 and 2017. These were whole genome sequenced, placed into a global phylogenetic context with 883 isolates, and screened for known genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and virulence. This analysis revealed that 30 isolates fell within non-7PET lineages and four within the 7PET lineage. Both 7PET and non-7PET isolates carried genes for resistance to antibiotics that are commonly used in cholera treatment such as tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. Diverse virulence factors were also present in non-7PET isolates, with two isolates notably carrying toxin-coregulated pilus genes, which are primarily responsible for intestinal colonization in 7PET <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic>. This study demonstrates the role of travel in long-range carriage of epidemic and non-epidemic lineages of <jats:italic>V. cholerae,<\/jats:italic> and how sentinel travel surveillance can enrich our knowledge of <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> diversity, reveal new biology about the spread of diverse lineages with differing disease potential and illuminate disease presence in endemic regions with limited surveillance data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T15:18:04Z","timestamp":1729091884000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Surveillance of travel-associated isolates elucidates the diversity of non-pandemic Vibrio cholerae"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2261-4249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Bote","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, 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