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Hence, this study employs the pet caf\u00e9 as a proof of concept to observe how one pathway of AMR transmission occurs within a megacity. A total of 111\u2009samples were collected from consumers, workers, animals and the surrounding environment from three pet caf\u00e9s in Guangzhou, and 163 bacterial strains were isolated, with <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>=60) being the most dominant species. The sequence type and genomic diversity of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> were observed in all three caf\u00e9s. Notably, 19 highly related ST328 strains were isolated in a single pet caf\u00e9 from both workers (skin and faeces) and animals (faeces), suggesting transmission between distinct hosts. The number of SNPs between ST328 <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> isolated in this study and strains from other provinces in China was minimal, with the possibility of clonal transmission. In terms of AMR, 90% of the isolates exhibited resistance to at least three distinct classes of antimicrobials (multidrug resistance). Multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) such as <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>(X4) were detected in this study, and plasmid, especially hybrid plasmid, is the main transmission vector of these ARGs. Our findings highlight that the pet caf\u00e9 is a neglected site for the transfer of ARGs among <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae<\/jats:italic>, with a propensity for continuous contamination through either clonal or horizontal transmission of ARGs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T15:16:38Z","timestamp":1748013398000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The pet caf\u00e9 is a neglected site for transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in urban life"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ruan-Yang","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China"},{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China 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