{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:42:18Z","timestamp":1791618138577,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SEI-260003\/019688\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SEI-260003\/019688\/2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The genus\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio<\/jats:italic>\n                    encompasses globally relevant pathogens, of which\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the best known due to its role in cholera. Closely related species within the Cholerae clade\n                    <jats:italic>\u2013 Vibrio paracholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio metoecus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio tarriae<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2013 were long misclassified as non-O1\/O139\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The objective of this study was to analyse all 13,000+ available\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    genomes in GenBank to determine the presence of species from the Cholerae clade. Genome-wide analyses using Mash, whole-genome-based Average Nucleotide Identity and digital DNA\u2013DNA hybridization reclassified 190 unique genomes as\n                    <jats:italic>V. paracholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while\n                    <jats:italic>V. metoecus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>V. tarriae<\/jats:italic>\n                    were not detected. Phylogenomic analyses revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>V. paracholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    forms distinct lineages, spanning clinical, environmental and animal sources over a period of more than a century. Virulence profiling revealed the absence of cholera toxin and toxin-coregulated pilus; however, most genomes exhibited other virulence factors, including haemolysins, RTX toxins, cholix toxin and a conserved type VI secretion system. Resistome analysis revealed multiple antibiotic resistance genes, several of which were embedded within superintegron regions, reinforcing the role of\n                    <jats:italic>V. paracholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a reservoir of resistance determinants. Importantly, we identified five putative gene markers with high sensitivity and specificity for discriminating the two species, providing a tool for diagnostic applications and epidemiological surveillance. These findings reveal an unsuspected epidemiological scenario for\n                    <jats:italic>V. paracholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which should be considered in clinical monitoring and public health strategies involving the Cholerae clade.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T17:17:39Z","timestamp":1768238259000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tracking a misclassified pathogen: genomic and epidemiological features of Vibrio paracholerae"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4877-7639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio Mascarenhas","family":"Morgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laborat\u00f3rio de Gen\u00e9tica Molecular de Microrganismos, Av. 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