{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T20:28:17Z","timestamp":1782937697212,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00ed Cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NU23-09-00080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU23-09-00080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study employed whole-genome sequencing to elucidate the genomic diversity and population structure of\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    clonal complex 398 (CC398) in the Czech Republic over a 7-year period (2017\u20132024). Among 1,129 MRSA isolates from human patients, 59\u2009CC398 isolates were identified and characterized via core-genome SNP and whole-genome MLST-based phylogenetic reconstruction. The results revealed two phylogenetically and clinically divergent lineages. The ST1232 lineage (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =27), a human-adapted community-associated (CA) MRSA clone harbouring Panton\u2013Valentine leucocidin and immune evasion cluster (IEC) type B, showed a sharp increase in prevalence after 2022. Phylogenetic analysis suggested multiple independent introductions linked to international travel, primarily to South-East Asia, followed by local expansion within households and among vulnerable populations. In contrast, the ST398 lineage (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    =32) comprised diverse sublineages, including a swine-associated clone (SCC\n                    <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n                    Vc) and an equine-associated sublineage (C6-EP5-Leq; SCC\n                    <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n                    IVa, IEC type E). ST398 was primarily associated with healthcare-related colonization and long-term persistence in patients with chronic conditions. Our data demonstrate the genomic diversification of CC398 into specialized niches, with the expansion of the virulent ST1232 lineage mirroring the early evolutionary trajectory of successful CA-MRSA clones such as USA300. This study highlights the increasing complexity of CC398 epidemiology, characterized by the simultaneous expansion of livestock-derived sublineages and human-adapted clades, such as ST1232 and underscores the necessity of continuous genomic surveillance within a 'One Health' framework.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T14:20:31Z","timestamp":1780410031000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond livestock: the genomic evolution and expansion of MRSA CC398 as a healthcare- and community-associated pathogen (2017\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0892-924X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Tkadlec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol and Homolka, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adela","family":"Rozsypalkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol and Homolka, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Polivkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol and Homolka, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Drevinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol and Homolka, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jairo","family":"Gooskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Infectious Diseases (LUCID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Krutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol and Homolka, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.74819"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2019.12.007"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1105.040866"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.01.021"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49644-9"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00305-11"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2021.0203"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt499"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.42.1800680"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2905.221717"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70112-z"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5540019"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3101.241323"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa404"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003"},{"key":"R16","volume-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Reporting Protocol 2023: European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) Surveillance Data for 2022","year":"2023"},{"key":"R17","article-title":"The European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. breakpoint tables for interpretation of mics and zone diameters. 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