{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T13:28:17Z","timestamp":1740144497425,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DE13239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE13239"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The MarR-like transcriptional regulator and two ABC transporters encoded by the <jats:italic>rcrRPQ<\/jats:italic> operon in the dental caries pathogen <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5663\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> have important regulatory roles related to oxidative stress tolerance, genetic competence and (p)ppGpp metabolism. A unique feature of the <jats:italic>rcrRPQ<\/jats:italic> operon, when compared to other bacteria, is the presence of two peptides, designated Pep1 and Pep2, encoded in alternative reading frames at the 3\u2032 end of <jats:italic>rcrQ<\/jats:italic>. Here, we show that the <jats:italic>rcrRPQ<\/jats:italic> operon, including Pep1 and 2, is essential for <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5663\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. mutans<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> to survive and maintain viability at elevated temperatures. No major changes in the levels of the heat shock proteins DnaK or GroEL that could account for the thermosensitivity of <jats:italic>rcrRPQ<\/jats:italic> mutants were observed. By introducing a single amino acid substitution into the <jats:italic>comX<\/jats:italic> gene that deletes an internally encoded peptide, XrpA, we found that XrpA is a contributing factor to the thermosensitive phenotype of a \u0394<jats:italic>rcrR<\/jats:italic> strain. Overexpression of XrpA on a plasmid also caused a significant growth defect at 42 \u00b0C. Interestingly, loss of the gene for the RelA\/SpoT homologue (RSH) enzyme, <jats:italic>relA<\/jats:italic>, restored growth of the \u0394<jats:italic>rcrR<\/jats:italic> strain at 42 \u00b0C. During heat stress and when a stringent response was induced, levels of (p)ppGpp were elevated in the \u0394<jats:italic>rcrR<\/jats:italic> strain. Deletion of <jats:italic>relA<\/jats:italic> in the \u0394<jats:italic>rcrR<\/jats:italic> strain lowered the basal levels of (p)ppGpp to those observed in wild-type <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5663\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. mutans<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic>. Thus, (p)ppGpp pools are dysregulated in \u0394<jats:italic>rcrR<\/jats:italic>, which likely leads to aberrant control of transcriptional\/translational processes and the thermosensitive phenotype. In summary, the genes and peptides encoded in the <jats:italic>rcrRPQ<\/jats:italic> operon are critical for thermotolerance, and in some strains these phenotypes are related to altered (p)ppGpp metabolism and increased production of the XrpA peptide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T18:30:59Z","timestamp":1579026659000},"page":"306-317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Peptides encoded in the Streptococcus mutans RcrRPQ operon are essential for thermotolerance"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"166","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8823-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert C.","family":"Shields","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong 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