{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:10:56Z","timestamp":1747181456518,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Polyamines bind to various cellular components, such as nucleic acids, phospholipids, proteins and nucleotides. They are involved in the virulence and protection against physiological stresses of several bacterial species. <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5609\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> is able to colonize the vaginal tract of asymptomatic pregnant women and to resist, by an as yet poorly characterized mechanism, pH 4.0, the low physiological pH of this environment. We identified a transporter of the amino acid\/polyamine antiporter family (SAK_1604 in strain A909) that shares 39.8\u200a% similar amino acids with CadB and 34.7\u200a% with PotE, two transporters implicated in acid resistance in <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.3093\" xlink:type=\"simple\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic>. We found that <jats:italic>sak_1604<\/jats:italic> is overexpressed in the presence of spermidine and during citric acid stress at the vaginal pH, but not during lactic acid or HCl stresses at the same pH or during a sodium citrate stress at pH 7.4. Dihydrogen citrate is the predominant form of citric acid at pH 4.0. Using a deletion mutant, we proved that SAK_1604 is involved in the survival of <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5609\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. agalactiae<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> during citric acid stress at pH 4.0 in the presence of spermidine, and we showed by TLC analysis that it is involved in spermidine transport in these conditions. Our data open new perspectives on the comprehension of the molecular mechanisms allowing <jats:italic>\n                     <jats:named-content content-type=\"species\">\n                        <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1601\/nm.5609\" xlink:type=\"simple\">S. agalactiae<\/jats:ext-link>\n                     <\/jats:named-content>\n                  <\/jats:italic> to survive at the physiological pH of the vagina and on the unsuspected role of an ionic form of citric acid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.001219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,3]],"date-time":"2022-08-03T15:17:36Z","timestamp":1659539856000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Streptococcus agalactiae imports spermidine by a member of the amino acid\/polyamine antiporter family to endure citric acid stress at the vaginal pH"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"168","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Khazaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon"},{"name":"ISP, Bact\u00e9ries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rim","family":"Al Safadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dani","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LBA3B, AZM Center for Research in Biotechnology and its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lia","family":"Hiron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISP, Bact\u00e9ries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Gilot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISP, Bact\u00e9ries et Risque Materno-Foetal, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, INRAE, 37032 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"volume-title":"A Guide to the 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