{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T17:11:42Z","timestamp":1788973902514,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001250","name":"Morris Animal Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["D21ZO-507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D21ZO-507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001250","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Opportunistic bacterial pathogens frequently associated with human clinical infections, including antimicrobial-resistant strains, are infiltrating the microbiomes of wild animals, where they have the potential to negatively impact wildlife health. Bacterial genes conferring resistance to amoxicillin have previously been reported in koala (\n                    <jats:italic>Phascolarctos cinereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) faecal DNA. Koalas are facing several key threats, including wildfires, and affected individuals may receive amoxicillin therapy to treat burn wounds. This study aimed to identify the species of amoxicillin-resistant bacteria in koala gut microbiomes and determine if they are opportunistic pathogens. Faecal samples collected from 98 wild-caught koalas were cultured using amoxicillin-supplemented media to isolate amoxicillin-resistant Gram-negative enteric bacteria. Isolates were screened using 16S rRNA PCR and Sanger sequencing to identify opportunistic pathogenic species, which then underwent whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Intrinsically amoxicillin-resistant opportunistic pathogens were obtained from 9.2% (9\/98) of koala faecal samples and comprised\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                    (6\/98, 6.1%),\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1\/98, 1.0%) and\n                    <jats:italic>Citrobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. (2\/98, 2.0%). Seven of nine amoxicillin-resistant opportunistic pathogens also exhibited cephalosporin resistance. Four\n                    <jats:italic>K. oxytoca<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates belonged to lineages associated with human clinical infections, which also have the potential to cause disease in koalas, including fatal systemic infections in pouch young. The presence of amoxicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant strains may also increase the risk of gut dysbiosis and opportunistic infections when penicillins or cephalosporins are required to treat bacterial infections in koalas, highlighting the importance of good antimicrobial stewardship. The study findings demonstrate the One Health perspective of microbial pathogens and the intertwined microbial ecology between humans and wildlife.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.001773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T16:17:31Z","timestamp":1788970651000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of opportunistic bacterial pathogens with intrinsic amoxicillin- and cephalosporin-resistance in wild koala faecal microbiomes"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8669-9702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona K.","family":"McDougall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8064-0468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalani","family":"Paranagama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1746-0682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wayne S.J.","family":"Boardman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4033-6639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Wyres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre to Impact AMR, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, 85 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, LondonSchool of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3160-4301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/698_2020_467","volume-title":"Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry","author":"Dolejska","year":"2020"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9020089"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcosc.2023.1218153"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2018.2448"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.01.019"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2021.109307"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2024.1484944"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066166"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2023.100516"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/JWD-D-24-00128"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-019-01415-5"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000571"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2021.103879"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10081589"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz242"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2023.109702"},{"key":"R17","article-title":"WHO List of Medically Important Antimicrobials. 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