{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:12:20Z","timestamp":1778901140217,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>RNA interference (RNAi) is a sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing system that downregulates target gene expression. Here, we provide several lines of evidence for RNA silencing in the industrial<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-lactam antibiotic producer<jats:italic>Penicillium chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>using the<jats:italic>DsRed<\/jats:italic>reporter gene under the control of the constitutive<jats:italic>trpC<\/jats:italic>promoter or the inducible<jats:italic>xylP<\/jats:italic>promoter. The functional RNAi system was verified by detection of siRNAs that hybridized exclusively with gene-specific<jats:sup>32<\/jats:sup>P-labelled RNA probes. Moreover, when RNAi was used to silence the endogenous<jats:italic>PcbrlA<\/jats:italic>morphogene that controls conidiophore development, a dramatic reduction in the formation of conidiospores was observed in 47\u200a% of the corresponding transformants. Evidence that RNAi in<jats:italic>P. chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>is dependent on a Dicer peptide was provided with a strain lacking<jats:italic>Pcdcl2<\/jats:italic>. In the \u0394Pcdcl2 background, silencing of the<jats:italic>PcbrlA<\/jats:italic>gene was tested. None of the transformants analysed showed a developmental defect. The applicability of the RNAi system in<jats:italic>P. chrysogenum<\/jats:italic>was finally demonstrated by silencing the<jats:italic>Pcku70<\/jats:italic>gene to increase homologous recombination frequency. This led to the generation of single and double knockout mutants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.032763-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]],"date-time":"2009-11-03T22:52:21Z","timestamp":1257288741000},"page":"3946-3956","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Evidence for Dicer-dependent RNA interference in the industrial penicillin producer Penicillium chrysogenum"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Danielle","family":"Janus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for \u2018Fungal Biotechnology\u2019, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4tsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for \u2018Fungal Biotechnology\u2019, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Allgemeine und Molekulare Botanik, 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