{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T06:53:25Z","timestamp":1791096805843,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Treponema denticola<\/jats:italic> is an oral spirochaete that has been strongly associated with chronic periodontitis. The bacterium exists as part of a dense biofilm (subgingival dental plaque) accreted to the tooth. To determine <jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic> gene products important for persistence as a biofilm we developed a continuous-culture biofilm model and conducted a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of biofilm and planktonic cells. A total of 126 genes were differentially expressed with a fold change of 1.5 or greater. This analysis identified the upregulation of putative prophage genes in the <jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic> 35405 genome. Intact bacteriophage particles were isolated from <jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic> and circular phage DNA was detected by PCR analysis. This represents the first, to our knowledge, functional bacteriophage isolated from <jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic>, which we have designated \u03c6td1. In biofilm cells there was also an upregulation of genes encoding several virulence factors, toxin\u2013antitoxin systems and a family of putative transposases. Together, these data indicate that there is a higher potential for genetic mobility in <jats:italic>T. denticola<\/jats:italic> when growing as a biofilm and that these systems are important for the biofilm persistence and therefore virulence of this bacterium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.033654-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,11]],"date-time":"2009-12-11T01:31:23Z","timestamp":1260495083000},"page":"774-788","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Treponema denticola biofilm-induced expression of a bacteriophage, toxin\u2013antitoxin systems and transposases"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Helen L.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooperative Research Centre for Oral Health Science, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart 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