{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:44:26Z","timestamp":1771328666898,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular pathogen and the causative agent of Q fever in humans. Q fever causes acute flu-like symptoms and may develop into a chronic disease leading to endocarditis. Its potential as a bioweapon has led to its classification as a category B select agent. An effective inactivated whole-cell vaccine (WCV) currently exists but causes severe granulomatous\/necrotizing reactions in individuals with prior exposure, and is not licensed for use in most countries. Current efforts to reduce or eliminate the deleterious reactions associated with WCVs have focused on identifying potential subunit vaccine candidates. Both humoral and T cell-mediated responses are required for protection in animal models. In this study, nine novel immunogenic <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> proteins were identified in extracted whole-cell lysates using 2D electrophoresis, immunoblotting with immune guinea pig sera, and tandem MS. The immunogenic <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> proteins elicited antigen-specific IgG in guinea pigs vaccinated with whole-cell killed Nine Mile phase I vaccine, suggesting a T cell-dependent response. Eleven additional proteins previously shown to react with immune human sera were also antigenic in guinea pigs, showing the relevance of the guinea pig immunization model for antigen discovery. The antigens described here warrant further investigation to validate their potential use as subunit vaccine candidates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.043513-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,29]],"date-time":"2010-10-29T01:57:20Z","timestamp":1288317440000},"page":"526-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Immunoreactive Coxiella burnetii Nine Mile proteins separated by 2D electrophoresis and identified by tandem mass spectrometry"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"James R.","family":"Deringer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial and Molecular Pathogenesis, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbial and Molecular Pathogenesis, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy C.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4717","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.8.4717-4723.2003","article-title":"SCID mouse model for lethal Q fever","volume":"71","author":"Andoh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect 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