{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:13:37Z","timestamp":1791296017294,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> causes a wide range of diseases from acute gastroenteritis to systemic typhoid fever, depending on the host. To invade non-phagocytic cells, <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> has developed different mechanisms. The main invasion system requires a type III secretion system (T3SS) known as T3SS-1, which promotes a Trigger entry mechanism. However, other invasion factors have recently been described in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, including Rck and PagN, which were not expressed under our bacterial culture conditions. Based on these observations, we used adhesion and invasion assays to analyse the respective roles of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Enteritidis T3SS-1-dependent and -independent invasion processes at different times of infection. Diverse cell lines and cell types were tested, including endothelial, epithelial and fibroblast cells. We demonstrated that cell susceptibility to the T3SS-1-independent entry differs by a factor of nine between the most and the least permissive cell lines tested. In addition, using scanning electron and confocal microscopy, we showed that T3SS-1-independent entry into cells was characterized by a Trigger-like alteration, as for the T3SS-1-dependent entry, and also by Zipper-like cellular alteration. Our results demonstrate for what is believed to be the first time that <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> can induce Trigger-like entry independently of T3SS-1 and can induce Zipper-like entry independently of Rck. Overall, these data open new avenues for discovering new invasion mechanisms in <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.044941-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,26]],"date-time":"2010-11-26T01:55:07Z","timestamp":1290736507000},"page":"839-847","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Heterogeneity of type III secretion system (T3SS)-1-independent entry mechanisms used by Salmonella Enteritidis to invade different cell types"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Manon","family":"Rosselin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IFR136 Agents Transmissibles et Infectiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France"},{"name":"INRA, UR1282 Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Abed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFR136 Agents Transmissibles et Infectiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France"},{"name":"INRA, UR1282 Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Virlogeux-Payant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFR136 Agents Transmissibles et Infectiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France"},{"name":"INRA, UR1282 Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Bottreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFR136 Agents Transmissibles et Infectiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, France"},{"name":"INRA, UR1282 Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Yves","family":"Sizaret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Microscopies Plate-Forme RIO, INSERM ERI19, Universit\u00e9 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