{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:59:43Z","timestamp":1788872383116,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","funder":[{"name":"National Research Initiative of the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service","award":["2008-35319-19202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008-35319-19202"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Siderophores are high-affinity iron-chelating compounds produced by bacteria for iron uptake that can act as important virulence determinants for both plant and animal pathogens. Genome sequencing of the plant pathogen\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces scabies<\/jats:italic>\n                    87-22 revealed the presence of a putative pyochelin biosynthetic gene cluster (PBGC). Liquid chromatography (LC)-MS analyses of culture supernatants of\n                    <jats:italic>S. scabies<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants, in which expression of the cluster is upregulated and which lack a key biosynthetic gene from the cluster, indicated that pyochelin is a product of the PBGC. LC-MS comparisons with authentic standards on a homochiral stationary phase confirmed that pyochelin and not enantio-pyochelin (\n                    <jats:italic>ent<\/jats:italic>\n                    -pyochelin) is produced by\n                    <jats:italic>S. scabies<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Transcription of the\n                    <jats:italic>S. scabies<\/jats:italic>\n                    PBGC occurs via ~19 kb and ~3 kb operons and transcription of the ~19 kb operon is regulated by TetR- and AfsR-family proteins encoded by the cluster. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of pyochelin production by a Gram-positive bacterium; interestingly regulation of pyochelin production is distinct from characterized PBGCs in Gram-negative bacteria. Though pyochelin-mediated iron acquisition by\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    is important for virulence,\n                    <jats:italic>in planta<\/jats:italic>\n                    bioassays failed to demonstrate that pyochelin production by\n                    <jats:italic>S. scabies<\/jats:italic>\n                    is required for development of disease symptoms on excised potato tuber tissue or radish seedlings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.047977-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,14]],"date-time":"2011-07-14T21:25:06Z","timestamp":1310678706000},"page":"2681-2693","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["The plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies 87-22 has a functional pyochelin biosynthetic pathway that is regulated by TetR- and AfsR-family proteins"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Ryan 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