{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:23:34Z","timestamp":1761863014856},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The transmigration of African trypanosomes across the human blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) is the critical step during the course of human African trypanosomiasis. The parasites<jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>T. b. rhodesiense<\/jats:italic>are transmitted to humans during the bite of tsetse flies. Trypanosomes multiply within the bloodstream and finally invade the central nervous system (CNS), which leads to the death of untreated patients. This project focused on the mechanisms of trypanosomal traversal across the BBB. In order to establish a suitable<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>BBB model for parasite transmigration, different human cell lines were used, including ECV304, HBMEC and HUVEC, as well as C6 rat astrocytes. Validation of the BBB models with<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>HB101 and<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>K1 revealed that a combination of ECV304 cells seeded on Matrigel as a semi-synthetic basement membrane and C6 astrocytes resulted in an optimal BBB model system. The BBB model showed selective permeability for the pathogenic<jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>K1 strain, and African trypanosomes were able to traverse the optimized ECV304\u2013C6 BBB efficiently. Furthermore, coincubation indicated that paracellular macrophage transmigration does not facilitate trypanosomal BBB traversal. An inverse assembly of the BBB model demonstrated that trypanosomes were also able to transmigrate the optimized ECV304\u2013C6 BBB backwards, indicating the relevance of the CNS as a possible reservoir of a relapsing parasitaemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.049106-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,8]],"date-time":"2011-07-08T14:45:07Z","timestamp":1310136307000},"page":"2933-2941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["An optimized in vitro blood\u2013brain barrier model reveals bidirectional transmigration of African trypanosome strains"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Untucht","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie, Technische Universit\u00e4t Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janine","family":"Rasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Mikrobiologie, 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