{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:40:35Z","timestamp":1791225635455,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"Max Planck Society"},{"name":"Austrian Science Fund","award":["P22546"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P22546"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Members of the genus <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>, mainly <jats:italic>Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic>, can cause severe disease in man, especially after intestinal perforation in the course of abdominal surgery. Treatment is based on a small number of antibiotics, including metronidazole, which has proved to be highly reliable throughout the last 40 to 50 years. Nevertheless, metronidazole resistance does occur in <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic> and has been mainly attributed to Nim proteins, a class of proteins with a suggested nitroreductase function. Despite the potentially high importance of Nim proteins for human health, information on the expression of <jats:italic>nim<\/jats:italic> genes in <jats:italic>B. fragilis<\/jats:italic> is still lacking. It was the aim of this study to demonstrate expression of <jats:italic>nim<\/jats:italic> genes in <jats:italic>B. fragilis<\/jats:italic> at the protein level and, furthermore, to correlate Nim levels with the magnitude of metronidazole resistance. By the application of 2D gel electrophoresis, Nim proteins could be readily identified in <jats:italic>nim<\/jats:italic>-positive strains, but their levels were not elevated to a relevant extent after induction of resistance with high doses of metronidazole. Thus, the data herein do not provide evidence for Nim proteins acting as nitroreductases using metronidazole as a substrate, because no correlation between Nim levels and levels of metronidazole resistance could be observed. Furthermore, no evidence was found that Nim proteins protect <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>fragilis<\/jats:italic> from metronidazole by sequestering the activated antibiotic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.074807-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T03:42:29Z","timestamp":1390362149000},"page":"616-622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A study on Nim expression in Bacteroides fragilis"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Leitsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f3zsef","family":"S\u00f3ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Kolarich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edit","family":"Urb\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1075-9964(03)00028-3"},{"key":"r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/44.4.580"},{"key":"r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-619X(89)90060-7"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.7.1495","article-title":"Metabolism of a 5-nitroimidazole in susceptible and resistant isogenic strains of Bacteroides fragilis","volume":"41","author":"Carlier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh296"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.5.1047"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2003.00674.x"},{"key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00386-13"},{"key":"r10","volume-title":"Wadsworth - 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