{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T19:43:13Z","timestamp":1758397393828},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The respiratory inhibitor cyanide stimulates growth of the ethanologenic bacterium<jats:italic>Zymomonas mobilis<\/jats:italic>, perhaps by diverting reducing equivalents from respiration to ethanol synthesis, thereby minimizing accumulation of toxic acetaldehyde. This study sought to identify cyanide-sensitive components of respiration. In aerobically grown, permeabilized<jats:italic>Z. mobilis<\/jats:italic>cells, addition of 200\u2005\u03bcM cyanide caused gradual inhibition of ADH II, the iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme, which, in aerobic cultures, might be oxidizing ethanol and supplying NADH to the respiratory chain. In membrane preparations, NADH oxidase was inhibited more rapidly, but to a lesser extent, than ADH II. The time-course of inhibition of whole-cell respiration resembled that of NADH oxidase, yet the inhibition was almost complete, and was accompanied by an increase of intracellular NADH concentration. Cyanide did not significantly affect the activity of ADH I, the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme. When an aerobic batch culture was grown in the presence of 200\u2005\u03bcM cyanide, cyanide-resistant ADH II activity was observed, its appearance correlating with the onset of respiration. It is concluded that the membrane-associated respiratory chain, but not ADH II, is responsible for the whole-cell cyanide sensitivity, while the cyanide-resistant ADH II is needed for respiration in the presence of cyanide, and represents an adaptive response of<jats:italic>Z. mobilis<\/jats:italic>to cyanide, analogous to the induction of alternative terminal oxidases in other bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26073-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,10]],"date-time":"2003-07-10T17:23:48Z","timestamp":1057857828000},"page":"1739-1744","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The paradoxical cyanide-stimulated respiration of Zymomonas mobilis: cyanide sensitivity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH II)"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Uldis","family":"Kalnenieks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malda M.","family":"Toma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Galinina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Latvia, Kronvalda boulv. 4, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert K.","family":"Poole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4504","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.174.13.4504-4508.1992","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of glycolytic and fermentative enzymes in Zymomonas mobilis","volume":"174","author":"Aldrich","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1480349","article-title":"Synthesis of alternative membrane-bound redox carriers during aerobic growth of Escherichia coli in the presence of potassium cyanide","volume":"148","author":"Ashcroft","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.89.5.1195-1200.1965","article-title":"Influence of aeration and pantothenate on growth yields of Zymomonas mobilis","volume":"89","author":"Belaich","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00408383","article-title":"Effect of oxygen on the metabolism of Zymomonas mobilis","volume":"139","author":"Bringer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00258148","article-title":"Oxidative phosphorylation in Zymomonas mobilis","volume":"160","author":"Kalnenieks","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"R6","first-page":"91","article-title":"Membrane d-lactate oxidase in Zymomonas mobilis : evidence for a branched respiratory chain","volume":"168","author":"Kalnenieks","year":"1998","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-146-6-1259","article-title":"Cyanide inhibits respiration yet stimulates aerobic growth of Zymomonas mobilis","volume":"146","author":"Kalnenieks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)02923-X","article-title":"Ethanol cycle in an ethanologenic bacterium","volume":"522","author":"Kalnenieks","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(83)90359-7","article-title":"Simultaneous extraction and combined bioluminescent assay of NAD+ and NADH","volume":"128","author":"Karp","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00252025","article-title":"Purification of two alcohol dehydrogenases from Zymomonas mobilis and their properties","volume":"22","author":"Kinoshita","year":"1985","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43305-9","article-title":"Terminal oxidases of Escherichia coli aerobic respiratory chain. 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