{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:38:01Z","timestamp":1791909481788,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adhesins provide a major advantage for uropathogenic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> in establishing urinary tract infections (UTIs). A novel gene cluster responsible for the expression of a filamentous adhesin of the pyelonephritogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> strain X2194 has been identified, molecularly cloned, and characterized. The \u2018<jats:italic>pix<\/jats:italic> operon\u2019 contains eight open reading frames which exhibit significant sequence homology to corresponding genes in the <jats:italic>pap<\/jats:italic> operon encoding P pili, the prevalent <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> adhesins in non-obstructive acute pyelonephritis in humans. Although a <jats:italic>pixB<\/jats:italic> gene corresponding to the PapB regulator was identified, a <jats:italic>papI<\/jats:italic> homologue could not be found in the <jats:italic>pix<\/jats:italic> operon. Instead, a fragment of the R6 gene of the highly uropathogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> strain CFT073 was identified upstream of <jats:italic>pixB<\/jats:italic>. The R6 gene is located in a pathogenicity island containing several pilus-encoding sequences and shows homology to a transposase of <jats:italic>Chelatobacter heintzii<\/jats:italic>. In a <jats:italic>pixA\u2013lacZ<\/jats:italic> fusion system it was demonstrated that the expression of Pix pili is regulated at the transcriptional level by the R6 gene sequence. A significantly reduced transcription was observed by deleting this fragment and by lowering the growth temperature from 37 to 26\u200a\u00b0C. In contrast to other filamentous adhesin systems, Pix pili are mainly expressed in the steady state growth phase and were not repressed by the addition of glucose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26266-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,4]],"date-time":"2003-06-04T01:25:48Z","timestamp":1054689948000},"page":"1387-1397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Pix pilus adhesin of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain X2194 (O2\u200a:\u200aK\u2212\u200a:\u200aH6) is related to Pap pili but exhibits a truncated regulatory region"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"L\u00fcgering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Infektiologie, Zentrum f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie der Entz\u00fcndung (ZMBE), Von Esmarch Strasse 56, Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, D-48149\u2005M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inga","family":"Benz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Infektiologie, Zentrum f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie der Entz\u00fcndung (ZMBE), Von Esmarch Strasse 56, Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, D-48149\u2005M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Knochenhauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Infektiologie, Zentrum f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie der Entz\u00fcndung (ZMBE), Von Esmarch Strasse 56, Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, D-48149\u2005M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ruffing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Infektiologie, Zentrum f\u00fcr Molekularbiologie der Entz\u00fcndung (ZMBE), Von Esmarch Strasse 56, Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, D-48149\u2005M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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