{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:56:45Z","timestamp":1792796205848,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Colonization by the commensal <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> strain A0 34\/86 (O83\u200a:\u200aK24\u200a:\u200aH31) has proved to be safe and efficient in the prophylaxis and treatment of nosocomial infections and diarrhoea of preterm and newborn infants in Czech paediatric clinics over the past three decades. In searching for traits contributing to this beneficial effect related to the gut colonization capacity of the strain, the authors have analysed its genome by DNA\u2013DNA hybridization to <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K-12 (MG1655) genomic DNA arrays and to \u2018Pathoarrays\u2019, as well as by multiplex PCR, bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library cloning and shotgun sequencing. Four hundred and ten <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K-12 ORFs were absent from A0 34\/86, while 72 out of 456 genes associated with pathogenicity islands of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> were also detected in <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> A0 34\/86. Furthermore, extraintestinal pathogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>-related genes involved in iron uptake and adhesion were detected by multiplex PCR, and genes encoding the HlyA and cytotoxic necrotizing factor toxins, together with 21 genes of the uropathogenic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> 536 pathogenicity island II, were identified by analysis of 2304 shotgun and 1344 BAC clone sequences of A0 34\/86 DNA. Multiple sequence comparisons identified 31\u2005kb of DNA specific for <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> A0 34\/86; some of the genes carried by this DNA may prove to be implicated in the colonization capacity of the strain, enabling it to outcompete pathogens. Among 100 examined BAC clones roughly covering the A0 34\/86 genome, one reproducibly conferred on the laboratory strain DH10B an enhanced capacity to persist in the intestine of newborn piglets. Sequencing revealed that this BAC clone carried gene clusters encoding gluconate and mannonate metabolism, adhesion (<jats:italic>fim<\/jats:italic>), invasion (<jats:italic>ibe<\/jats:italic>) and restriction\/modification functions. Hence, the genome of this clinically safe and highly efficient colonizer strain appears to harbour many \u2018virulence-associated\u2019 genes. These results highlight the thin line between bacterial \u2018virulence\u2019 and \u2018fitness' or \u2018colonization\u2019 factors, and question the definition of enterobacterial virulence factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.27469-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,7]],"date-time":"2005-02-07T23:28:34Z","timestamp":1107818914000},"page":"385-398","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Characterization of the flexible genome complement of the commensal Escherichia coli strain A0 34\/86 (O83\u200a:\u200aK24\u200a:\u200aH31)"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Jana","family":"Hejnova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Bacterial Pathogens, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de G\u00e9nomique des Microorganismes Pathog\u00e8nes and CNRS URA 2171, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Dobrindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, Universit\u00e4t W\u00fcrzburg, R\u00f6ntgenring 11, 97070 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radka","family":"Nemcova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Hlinkova 1\/A, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Rusniok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de G\u00e9nomique des Microorganismes Pathog\u00e8nes and CNRS URA 2171, Institut Pasteur, 28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alojz","family":"Bomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Hlinkova 1\/A, 040 01 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