{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:05:16Z","timestamp":1791889516634,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An in-depth polyphasic approach was applied to study the population structure of the human pathogen <jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>. To assess the intraspecific biodiversity of this species, which is the causative agent of gastrointestinal diseases, a total of 90 isolates from diverse geographical origin were studied by genetic [M13-PCR, random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), multilocus sequence typing (MLST)] and phenetic [Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR), protein profiling, biochemical assays] methods. The strain set included clinical strains, isolates from food remnants connected to outbreaks, as well as isolates from diverse food environments with a well documented strain history. The phenotypic and genotypic analysis of the compiled panel of strains illustrated a considerable diversity among <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic> connected to diarrhoeal syndrome and other non-emetic food strains, but a very low diversity among emetic isolates. Using all typing methods, cluster analysis revealed a single, distinct cluster of emetic <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic> strains. The isolates belonging to this cluster were neither able to degrade starch nor could they ferment salicin; they did not possess the genes encoding haemolysin BL (Hbl) and showed only weak or no haemolysis. In contrast, haemolytic-enterotoxin-producing <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic> strains showed a high degree of heterogeneity and were scattered over different clusters when different typing methods were applied. These data provide evidence for a clonal population structure of cereulide-producing emetic <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic> and indicate that emetic strains represent a highly clonal complex within a potentially panmictic or weakly clonal background population structure of the species. It may have originated only recently through acquisition of specific virulence factors such as the cereulide synthetase gene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.27607-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,4]],"date-time":"2005-01-04T23:52:40Z","timestamp":1104882760000},"page":"183-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":314,"title":["Emetic toxin formation of Bacillus cereus is restricted to a single evolutionary lineage of closely related strains"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Monika","family":"Ehling-Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Mikrobielle \u00d6kologie, Department f\u00fcr Grundlagen der Biowissenschaften, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Dairy Association, Scheelevaegen 18, 223 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