{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:05:54Z","timestamp":1787619954446,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Bacteriophage\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 was isolated based on its ability to infect strain YeO3-R1, a virulence-plasmid-cured O antigen-negative derivative of\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serotype O\u200a:\u200a3. In this study, the phage receptor was found to be a structure in the outer core hexasaccharide of\n                    <jats:italic>Y. enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>\n                    O\u200a:\u200a3 LPS. The phage receptor was present in the outer core of strains of many other\n                    <jats:italic>Y. enterocolitica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serotypes, but also in some\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia intermedia<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains. Surprisingly, the receptor structure resided in the O antigen of\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    O\u200a:\u200a9. Electron microscopy demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 particles have an icosahedral head of 88\u2005nm, a short neck of 10\u2005nm, a long contractile tail of 236\u2005nm, and tail fibres of at least 86\u2005nm. This implies that the phage belongs to the order\n                    <jats:italic>Caudovirales<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the family\n                    <jats:italic>Myoviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the ICTV (International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses) classification.\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 was found to have a lytic life cycle, with eclipse and latent periods of 40 and 50\u2005min, respectively, and a burst size of \u223c80\u2005p.f.u. per infected cell. Restriction digestions and PFGE showed that the\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 genome was dsDNA and \u223c270\u2005kb in size. Enzymically hydrolysed DNA was subjected to HPLC-MS\/MS analysis, which demonstrated that the\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 genome is composed of DNA in which thymidine (T) is &gt;99\u200a% replaced by deoxyuridine (dU). The only organisms known to have similar DNA are the\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -specific bacteriophages PBS1 and PBS2. N-terminal amino acid sequences of four major structural proteins did not show any similarity to (viral) protein sequences in databases, indicating that close relatives of\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 have not yet been characterized. Genes for two of the structural proteins, p24 and p46, were identified from the partially sequenced\n                    <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic>\n                    R1-37 genome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28265-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T16:32:50Z","timestamp":1134145970000},"page":"4093-4102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Yersiniophage \u03d5R1-37 is a tailed bacteriophage having a 270\u2005kb DNA genome with thymidine replaced by deoxyuridine"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Saija","family":"Kiljunen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristo","family":"Hakala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Pinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suvi","family":"Huttunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"Pluta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Gador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harri","family":"L\u00f6nnberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Skurnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University 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