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The activator protein 1 (AP1) binding site of the human hepcidin promoter, shown here to be relevant to basal promoter activity and to the repression by core, is essential for the downregulation by core+1\/ARFP while the previously described C\/EBP (CCAAT\/enhancer binding protein) and STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) sites are not. Consistently, expression of the AP1 components c-jun and c-fos obliterated the repressive effect of core and core+1\/ARFP. In conclusion, we provide evidence that core+1\/ARFP downregulates AP1-mediated transcription, providing new insights into the biological role of core+1\/ARFP, as well as the transcriptional modulation of hepcidin, the main regulator of iron metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.050328-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T02:11:28Z","timestamp":1365732688000},"page":"1528-1534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Hepatitis C virus core+1\/ARF protein decreases hepcidin transcription through an AP1 binding site"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Ioly","family":"Kotta-Loizou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, V. 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