{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:31:33Z","timestamp":1791109893937,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The family <jats:italic>Picornaviridae<\/jats:italic> is a large and diverse group of viruses that infect humans and animals. Picornaviruses are among the most common infections of humans and cause a wide spectrum of acute human disease. This study began as an investigation of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in a small area of eastern Bolivia, where surveillance had identified a persistently high AFP rate in children. Stools were collected and diagnostic studies ruled out poliovirus. We tested stool specimens from 51 AFP cases and 34 healthy household or community contacts collected during 2002\u20132003 using real-time and semi-nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for enterovirus, parechovirus, cardiovirus, kobuvirus, salivirus and cosavirus. Anecdotal reports suggested a temporal association with neurological disease in domestic pigs, so six porcine stools were also collected and tested with the same set of assays, with the addition of an assay for porcine teschovirus. A total of 126 picornaviruses were detected in 73 of 85 human individuals, consisting of 53 different picornavirus types encompassing five genera (all except <jats:italic>Kobuvirus<\/jats:italic>). All six porcine stools contained porcine and\/or human picornaviruses. No single virus, or combination of viruses, specifically correlated with AFP; however, the study revealed a surprising complexity of enteric picornaviruses in a single community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.053827-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,27]],"date-time":"2013-06-27T02:03:52Z","timestamp":1372298632000},"page":"2017-2028","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Diversity of picornaviruses in rural Bolivia"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"W. 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