{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T11:15:15Z","timestamp":1777461315022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) induces abnormal B-cell proliferation and B-cell lymphoma in cattle, where the BLV provirus is integrated into the host genome. BLV-infected B-cells rarely express viral proteins <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, but short-term cultivation augments BLV expression in some, but not all, BLV-infected B-cells. This observation suggests that two subsets, i.e. BLV-silencing cells and BLV-expressing cells, are present among BLV-infected B-cells, although the mechanisms of viral expression have not been determined. In this study, we examined B-cell markers and viral antigen expression in B-cells from BLV-infected cattle to identify markers that may discriminate BLV-expressing cells from BLV-silencing cells. The proportions of IgM<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> B-cells were increased in blood lymphocytes from BLV-infected cattle. IgM<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> B-cells mainly expressed BLV antigens, whereas IgM<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> B-cells did not, although the provirus load was equivalent in both subsets. Several parameters were investigated in these two subsets to characterize their cellular behaviour. Real-time PCR and microarray analyses detected higher expression levels of some proto-oncogenes (e.g. <jats:italic>Maf<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Jun<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Fos<\/jats:italic>) in IgM<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> B-cells than those in IgM<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> B-cells. Moreover, lymphoma cells obtained from the lymph nodes of 14 BLV-infected cattle contained IgM<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> or IgM<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> B-cells but no IgM<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> B-cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that IgM<jats:sup>high<\/jats:sup> B-cells mainly comprise BLV-expressing cells, whereas IgM<jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup> B-cells comprise a high proportion of BLV-silencing B-cells in BLV-infected cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.065011-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,10]],"date-time":"2014-05-10T05:03:42Z","timestamp":1399698222000},"page":"1832-1842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Differences in cellular function and viral protein expression between IgMhigh and IgMlow B-cells in bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Ryoyo","family":"Ikebuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 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