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Additionally, inhibition of cellular furin-like proteases increased WNV-MAD78 infectious particle production in astrocytes, suggesting that high levels of furin-like protease activity within these cells acted in a cell- and strain-specific manner to inhibit WNV-MAD78 replication. Moreover, analysis of recombinant viruses indicated that the structural proteins of WNV-MAD78 were responsible for decreased particle infectivity and the corresponding reduction in infectious particle production compared with WNV-NY. Thus, the composition of the WNV virion was also a major determinant for viral fitness within astrocytes and may contribute to WNV propagation within the central nervous system. Whether the WNV-MAD78 structural genes reduce virus replication and particle infectivity through the same mechanism as the cellular furin-like protease activity or whether these two determinants function through distinct pathways remains to be determined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.065474-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]],"date-time":"2014-06-12T03:54:37Z","timestamp":1402545277000},"page":"1991-2003","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Structural proteins of West Nile virus are a major determinant of infectious particle production and fitness in astrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Hussmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, 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