{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T02:28:10Z","timestamp":1791080890495,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present here a novel, distinct simian T-cell lymphotropic virus (STLV) found in a red-capped mangabey (<jats:italic>Cercocebus torquatus<\/jats:italic>) (CTO-NG409), wild-caught in Nigeria, that showed an HTLV-2-like Western blot (WB) seroreactivity. The complete genome (8920\u2005bp) of CTO-NG409 STLV was related to but different from STLV-3\/PHA-PH969 (13\u00b75\u200a%) and STLV-3\/PPA-F3 (7\u00b76\u200a%), and STLV-3\/CTO604 (11\u00b73\u200a%), found in Eritrean and Senegalese baboons, and red-capped mangabeys from Cameroon, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of a conserved<jats:italic>tax<\/jats:italic>(180\u2005bp) sequence and the<jats:italic>env<\/jats:italic>gene (1482\u2005bp) confirmed the relatedness of STLV-3\/CTO-NG409 to the STLV-3 subgroup. Molecular clock analysis of<jats:italic>env<\/jats:italic>estimated that STLV-3\/CTO-NG409 diverged from East and West\/Central African STLV-3s about 140\u200a900\u00b112\u200a400\u2005years ago, suggesting an ancient African origin of STLV-3. Since phylogenetic evidence suggests multiple interspecies transmissions of STLV-1 to humans, and given the antiquity and wide distribution of STLV-3 in Africa, a search for STLV-3 in human African populations with HTLV-2-like WB patterns is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19253-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,18]],"date-time":"2003-09-18T03:18:12Z","timestamp":1063855092000},"page":"2723-2727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A novel, divergent simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type 3 in a wild-caught red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) from Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Meertens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, D\u00e9partement d'Ecosyst\u00e8me et Epid\u00e9miologie des Maladies Infectieuses, Batiment Lwoff, Institut Pasteur, 25\u201328 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Shanmugam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Retrovirology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD, and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd, MS G-19, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gessain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, D\u00e9partement d'Ecosyst\u00e8me et Epid\u00e9miologie des Maladies Infectieuses, Batiment Lwoff, Institut Pasteur, 25\u201328 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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