{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:26:46Z","timestamp":1792654006429,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It has been shown that replication of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) can trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis. In the present study, it is further demonstrated that replication-incompetent virions of JEV, obtained by short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, could also induce host-cell death. It was found that UV-inactivated JEV (UV-JEV) caused cell death in neuronal cells such as mouse neuroblastoma N18 and human neuronal NT-2 cells, but not in non-neuronal baby hamster kidney BHK-21 fibroblast or human cervical HeLa cells. Only actively growing, but not growth-arrested, cells were susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of UV-JEV. Killing of UV-JEV-infected N18 cells could be antagonized by co-infection with live, infectious JEV, suggesting that virions of UV-JEV might engage an as-yet-unidentified receptor-mediated death-signalling pathway. Characteristically, mitochondrial alterations were evident in UV-JEV-infected N18 cells, as revealed by electron microscopy and a loss of membrane potential. N18 cells infected by UV-JEV induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B), and the addition of anti-oxidants or specific NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B inhibitors to the media greatly reduced the cytotoxicity of UV-JEV. Together, the results presented here suggest that replication-incompetent UV-JEV damages actively growing neuronal cells through a ROS-mediated pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.19496-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,9]],"date-time":"2004-02-09T22:07:58Z","timestamp":1076364478000},"page":"521-533","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Replication-incompetent virions of Japanese encephalitis virus trigger neuronal cell death by oxidative stress in a culture system"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Ren-Jye","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Yen-Jiou-Yuan Rd, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Republic of China"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of 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