{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:58:30Z","timestamp":1788922710914,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Three genotypes (1\u20133) of human parvovirus B19 have been identified. Analysis of 13 nearly full-length genotype 3 sequences from Ghana, Europe and Brazil identified two genetically distinct clusters. The classification of genotype 3 strains into two subtypes (B19\/3a and B19\/3b) is proposed. The rate of evolutionary change of B19 genotype 3 strains (2\u00d710<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\u2005nucleotide substitutions per site per year) was similar to those of B19 genotype 1 and carnivore parvoviruses, supporting the hypothesis that high mutation rates are characteristic of members of the family <jats:italic>Parvoviridae<\/jats:italic>. The estimated divergence time between B19\/3a and B19\/3b is 525\u2005years. In Ghana, subtype B19\/3a is predominant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82496-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,25]],"date-time":"2007-01-25T08:16:36Z","timestamp":1169712996000},"page":"428-431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Identification and genetic diversity of two human parvovirus B19 genotype 3 subtypes"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Armen","family":"Parsyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Szmaragd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Allain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of 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