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In the presence of MV, cells did not progress to G<jats:sub>1b<\/jats:sub> and S phases, steps critical for the completion of HIV-1 reverse transcription and productive replication. This block in cell-cycle progression was characterized by an increased proportion of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and HIV-1-infected cells retained in the parental generation in PBMCs co-cultured with MV and HIV-1, and decreased levels of cyclins and RNA synthesis. Early HIV-1 replication was also inhibited in the presence of MV, as measured by reduced expression of a luciferase reporter gene and lower levels of both early (LTR) and late (LTR\u2013gag) DNA intermediates of HIV-1 reverse transcription in the presence of CCR5-tropic HIV-1. The effects of MV on lymphoproliferation and p24 antigen production were reproduced by <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-butyrate and hydroxyurea, drugs that block the cell cycle in G<jats:sub>1a<\/jats:sub> and G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/S, respectively. It was concluded that MV inhibits HIV-1 productive replication in part by blocking the proliferation of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocytes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.83601-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,14]],"date-time":"2008-03-14T06:38:13Z","timestamp":1205476693000},"page":"984-993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Measles virus inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcription and replication by blocking cell-cycle progression of CD4+ T lymphocytes"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Mayra","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA"},{"name":"W. 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