{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T17:42:23Z","timestamp":1750786943614},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We compared the performance of a locally produced \u03b2-mercaptoethanol-modified promastigote antigen (\u03b2-ME-Ag) of an indigenous <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> strain against that of a trypsinized <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic> reference (REF-Ag) in the direct agglutination test (DAT) for detection of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). One hundred and fifty-one serum samples collected from dogs belonging to four groups with different conditions were included. At a DAT titre of 1\u200a:\u200a320, statistically determined as optimal cut-off value for \u03b2-ME-Ag, and 1\u200a:\u200a160 for REF-Ag, a sensitivity and a specificity of 100\u200a% were estimated for \u03b2-ME-Ag in comparison with 96.6\u200a% and 100\u200a%, respectively, for REF-Ag. Overall, levels of agglutination titres recorded for the two antigens were highly concordant (Cohen\u2019s \u03ba\u200a=\u200a0.879) in both the CVL and non-CVL groups. Based on current results, and ease experienced in processing the antigen and reading the test outcome, we recommend incorporation of \u03b2-ME-Ag in DAT for confirmation or exclusion of suspected CVL in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.063891-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,19]],"date-time":"2013-10-19T02:12:38Z","timestamp":1382148758000},"page":"106-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Performance of an indigenous \u03b2-mercaptoethanol-modified antigen in comparison with a commercial reference in direct agglutination test for detection of canine visceral leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Saul Jos\u00e9","family":"Semi\u00e3o-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas. Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Laura Barral","family":"Veloso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas. Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Paes de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcia","family":"Almeida de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biologia Molecular do Semi\u00e1rido, Unidade Acad\u00eamica de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Para\u00edba, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Luis Miguel Louren\u00e7o","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas. Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Artur Armando de Moura","family":"Marinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas. Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antunes","family":"Afonso de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Ambientais Mediterr\u00e2nicas. Universidade de \u00c9vora, \u00c9vora, Portugal"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9nea Maria da Gra\u00e7a","family":"Campino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Leishmanioses, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Abdallah","family":"el Harith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman, Sudan"}]}],"member":"345","reference":[{"key":"r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1991.tb00550.x"},{"key":"r2","first-page":"719","article-title":"[Role of direct agglutination test (DAT) in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia]","volume":"78","author":"Aoun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tunis Med"},{"key":"r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00931580"},{"key":"r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(98)00064-3"},{"key":"r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90149-5"},{"key":"r7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.27.10.2252-2257.1989","article-title":"Application of a direct agglutination test for detection of specific anti-Leishmania antibodies in the canine reservoir","volume":"27","author":"el Harith","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"r8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.8.1984-1988.1995","article-title":"Evaluation of cleaving agents other than trypsin in direct agglutination test for further improving diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"33","author":"el Harith","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.02.015"},{"key":"r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86821996000200009"},{"key":"r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.04.019"},{"key":"r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.03.004"},{"key":"r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(94)90446-4"},{"key":"r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4922(02)02347-4"},{"key":"r15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.47.772","article-title":"Serodiagnosis and screening of canine visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area of Corsica: applicability of a direct agglutination test and immunoblot analysis","volume":"47","author":"Neogy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.4.1318-1322.2006"},{"key":"r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.1996.tb00141.x"},{"key":"r18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.616","article-title":"A novel exo-antigen-based ELISA for the detection of canine leishmaniasis","volume":"78","author":"Rajasekariah","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"r19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1986.35.942","article-title":"A new liquid medium without blood and serum for culture of hemoflagellates","volume":"35","author":"Sadigursky","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"r20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s004300100083","article-title":"Development and application of \u2018simple\u2019 diagnostic tools for visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"190","author":"Schallig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol (Berl)"},{"key":"r21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.7705\/biomedica.v27i3.207","article-title":"The direct agglutination test as an alternative method for the diagnosis of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"27","author":"Ter\u00e1n-Angel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomedica"},{"key":"r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.141.13.328"},{"key":"r23","volume-title":"Control of the Leishmaniasis, Report of a Meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the Control of Leishmaniasis","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmm\/10.1099\/jmm.0.063891-0?crawler=true","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T08:17:24Z","timestamp":1601972244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.microbiologyresearch.org\/content\/journal\/jmm\/10.1099\/jmm.0.063891-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/jmm.0.063891-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2615","1473-5644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2615","type":"print"},{"value":"1473-5644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]}}}