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In the current study, G1P[8] and other strains (G12P[6], G12P[8] and G9P[8]) circulating between 2008\u20132012 and 2015 in children with and without diarrhoea were characterized by next-generation sequencing to understand their genetic composition. The G1P[8] strains were compared with Mozambican pre- and post-vaccine strains retrieved from GenBank. All study strains, either from children with or without diarrhoea, were genetically similar and exhibited a typical Wa-like constellation. The Mozambican pre- and post-vaccine G1 strains clustered in two separate lineages: most pre-vaccine strains in lineage I and all post-vaccine strains in lineage II. Meanwhile, all P[8] were in lineage III, although the study strains were in a different cluster from the G1P[8] post-vaccine strains retrieved in GenBank. Analysis of VP7 epitope regions showed amino acid differences such as S123N and M217T in all study strains, while a change N94S was observed in seven strains and K291R in eight strains. Sequence alignment of G1P[8] study strains using mVISTA confirmed that they may have suffered point mutations in all their 11 segments. Our results suggest that host factors are implicated in the inducement and severity of diarrhoea and these factors need further investigation. The changes in some G1 strains at the epitope region emphasize the need for continued whole-genome analysis, as substitutions in this region are reported to affect protein conformation at given positions and the study results may provide data for future studies aiming to understand rotavirus strain evolution post-vaccine introduction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.001522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T16:16:56Z","timestamp":1761668216000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Whole-genome analysis of rotavirus G1P[8] and other Wa-like strains in Mozambican children: evidence of genetic variations of pre-vaccine G1P[8] strains from Manhi\u00e7a, Mozambique"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Filomena","family":"Manjate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2649-1034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Percina","family":"Chirinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3226-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Mwangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Next Generation Sequencing Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7447-9278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva D.","family":"Jo\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambeze University, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Natural Resources, Chimoio, Mozambique"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Mogotsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Next Generation Sequencing Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa"}]},{"given":"Marcelino","family":"Garrine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Augusto Messa","family":"Jr.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISGlobal, Barcelona 08036, Spain"},{"name":"Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Delfino","family":"Vubil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"N\u00e9lio","family":"Nobela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kotloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vaccine Development (CVD), University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Nataro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4616-8752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tacilta","family":"Nhampossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade (INS), Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Marracuene 1120, Mozambique"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"given":"Sozinho","family":"Ac\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Sa\u00fade (INS), Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Marracuene 1120, Mozambique"},{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM), Maputo 1929, Mozambique"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0535-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Goitom","family":"Weldegebriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"African Rotavirus Surveillance Network, Immunization, Vaccines and Development Program, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville P.O. 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