{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T18:04:36Z","timestamp":1774116276091,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Microbiology Society","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","award":["PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/66977\/2006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BIA-MIC\/66977\/2006"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"FEDER","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic>complex (<jats:italic>Bc<\/jats:italic>c) bacteria are opportunistic pathogens infecting hosts such as cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Long-term<jats:italic>Bc<\/jats:italic>c infection of CF patients\u2019 airways has been associated with emergence of phenotypic variation. Here we studied two<jats:italic>Burkholderia multivorans<\/jats:italic>clonal isolates displaying different morphotypes from a chronically infected CF patient to evaluate trait development during lung infection. Expression profiling of mucoid D2095 and non-mucoid D2214 isolates revealed decreased expression of genes encoding products related to virulence-associated traits and metabolism in D2214. Furthermore, D2214 showed no exopolysaccharide production, lower motility and chemotaxis, and more biofilm formation, particularly under microaerophilic conditions, than the clonal mucoid isolate D2095. When<jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic>was used as acute infection model, D2214 at a cell number of approximately 7\u00d710<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>c.f.u. caused a higher survival rate than D2095, although 6 days post-infection most of the larvae were dead. Infection with the same number of cells by mucoid D2095 caused larval death by day 4. The decreased expression of genes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism may reflect lower metabolic needs of D2214 caused by lack of exopolysaccharide, but also by the attenuation of pathways not required for survival. As a result, D2214 showed higher survival than D2095 in minimal medium for 28 days under aerobic conditions. Overall, adaptation during<jats:italic>Bc<\/jats:italic>c chronic lung infections gave rise to genotypic and phenotypic variation among isolates, contributing to their fitness while maintaining their capacity for survival in this opportunistic human niche.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.050989-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,12]],"date-time":"2011-08-12T03:08:40Z","timestamp":1313118520000},"page":"3124-3137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Mucoid morphotype variation of Burkholderia multivorans during chronic cystic fibrosis lung infection is correlated with changes in metabolism, motility, biofilm formation and virulence"],"prefix":"10.1099","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"In\u00eas N.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, IST, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ana S.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB - Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, IST, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg D.","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Gulbenkian de Ci\u00eancia, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"James E. 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