{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:48:22Z","timestamp":1740142102065,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,1]],"date-time":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325376000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOP 106622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOP 106622"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The current paper investigated the potential benefit of the traditional Mexican medicinal plant<jats:italic>Laennecia confusa<\/jats:italic>(Cronquist) G. L. Nesom (Asteraceae). Fractions from the hexane, chloroform, methanol, and aqueous extracts were analyzed for antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic activities. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts and fractions was assessed on bacterial and fungal strains, in addition to the protozoa<jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>, using a microdilution assay. The propensity of the plant's compounds to produce adverse effects on human health was also evaluated using propidium iodine to identify damage to human macrophages. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts and fractions was investigated by measuring the secretion of interleukin-6. Chemical analyses demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, cyanogenic and cardiotonic glycosides, saponins, sesquiterpene lactones, and triterpenes in the chloroform extract. A number of extracts and fractions show antibacterial activity. Of particular interest is antibacterial activity against<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>and its relative methicillin-resistant strain, MRSA. Hexanic and chloroformic fractions also exhibit antifungal activity and two extracts and the fraction CE 2 antiparasitic activity against<jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>. All bioactive extracts and fractions assayed were also found to be cytotoxic to macrophages. In addition, the hexane and methane extracts show anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the secretion of interleukine-6.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/263572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,30]],"date-time":"2012-04-30T18:01:26Z","timestamp":1335808886000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiparasitic, and Cytotoxic Activities of<i>Laennecia confusa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1100","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda G.","family":"Mart\u00ednez Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmico-Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad de las Am\u00e9ricas Puebla, Santa Catarina M\u00e1rtir s\/n, 72820 Cholula, PUE, Mexico"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 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