{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:17:13Z","timestamp":1776917833118,"version":"3.51.2"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"group-title":"Biophysics","reference-count":46,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The respiratory syndrome caused by a new type of coronavirus has been emerging from China and caused more than one million death globally since December 2019. This new virus, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) uses the same receptor called Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to attack humans as the coronavirus that caused the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) seventeen years ago. Both viruses recognize ACE2 through the spike proteins (S-protein) on their surfaces. It was found that the S-protein from the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) bind stronger to ACE2 than SARS-CoV-2. However, function of a bio-system is often under kinetic, rather than thermodynamic, control. To address this issue, we constructed a structural model for complex formed between ACE2 and the S-protein from SARS-CoV-2, so that the rate of their association can be estimated and compared with the binding of S-protein from SARS-CoV by a multiscale simulation method. Our simulation results suggest that the association of new virus to the receptor is slower than SARS, which is consistent with the experimental data obtained very recently. We further integrated this difference of association rate between virus and receptor into a mathematical model which describes the life cycle of virus in host cells and its interplay with the innate immune system. Interestingly, we found that the slower association between virus and receptor can result in longer incubation period, while still maintaining a relatively higher level of viral concentration in human body. Our computational study therefore provides, from the molecular level, one possible explanation that this new pandemic by far spread much faster than SARS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.20.958272","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T18:35:18Z","timestamp":1582310118000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Multiscale and Comparative Model for Receptor Binding of 2019 Novel Coronavirus and the Implication of its Life Cycle in Host Cells"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Zhaoqian","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinghao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"issue":"10223","key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"10223","key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30154-9","article-title":"A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster","volume":"395","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.3","first-page":"P7","article-title":"Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus","volume":"201","year":"2020","journal-title":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"},{"issue":"10221","key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30186-0","article-title":"Emerging understandings of 2019-nCoV","volume":"395","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2008-3"},{"key":"2024080320584447000_2020.02.20.958272v2.6","unstructured":"Lu, R. , et al., Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. 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