{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T07:13:48Z","timestamp":1768547628359,"version":"3.49.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"group-title":"Gastroenterology","reference-count":53,"publisher":"openRxiv","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  ) has been identified as the host receptor for SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has infected millions world-wide and likely caused hundreds of thousands of deaths. Utilizing transcriptomic data from four cohorts taken from Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects, we observed evidence of increased\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  mRNA in ileum with demographic features that have been associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 including age and raised BMI.\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  was downregulated in CD compared to controls in independent cohorts. Within CD,\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  expression was reduced in inflamed ileal tissue and also remarkably, from un-involved tissue in patients with a worse prognosis in both adult and pediatric cohorts. In active CD, small bowel\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  expression was restored by anti-TNF therapy particularly in anti-TNF responders. Collectively our data suggest that\n                  <jats:italic>ACE2<\/jats:italic>\n                  downregulation is associated with inflammation and worse outcomes in CD.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.04.19.20070995","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,23]],"date-time":"2020-04-23T09:35:44Z","timestamp":1587634544000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Reduced expression of COVID-19 host receptor,\n                  <i>ACE2<\/i>\n                  is associated with small bowel inflammation, more severe disease, and response to anti-TNF therapy in Crohn\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1877-0172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alka A.","family":"Potdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shishir","family":"Dube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Botwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9005-7750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talin","family":"Haritunians","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaohong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6349-0957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janine","family":"Bilsborough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee A.","family":"Denson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Daly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan R.","family":"Targan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Fleshner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subra","family":"Kugathasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus S.","family":"Stappenbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dermot P.B.","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2020120610150870000_2020.04.19.20070995v1.1","unstructured":"Han, C. , et al., Digestive Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients with Mild Disease Severity: Clinical Presentation, Stool Viral RNA Testing, and Outcomes. 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